基于超效率SBM模型的海绵城市建设效率测度与分析

Measurement and Analysis of Construction Efficiency of Sponge City Based on Super Efficiency SBM Model

测度海绵城市建设效率有利于提升海绵城市建设管理水平。以海绵城市建设的资本存量、相关从业人数、市政设施建设水平作为投入指标,以经济效益、环境效益、社会效益作为产出指标,利用超效率SBM模型和Malmquist生产率指数模型测度28个试点海绵城市在2016~2019年的建设效率。结果表明,2016~2019年28座试点海绵城市中达到DEA有效的城市有9座,DEA无效的城市有19座;资本投入冗余与环境效益产出不足是造成DEA无效的主要原因。我国海绵城市全要素效率值在2016~2019年均大于1,资源配置能力逐步提升;但其中有10座城市全要素效率值小于1,存在退步情况,需通过优化组织管理水平、提升建设技术等手段提效。研究成果可为构建高效高水平的海绵城市提供依据。

Measuring the construction efficiency of sponge city is conducive to improving the construction and management level of sponge city.Taking the capital stock,relevant employees and municipal facilities construction level of sponge city construction as input indicators and economic,environmental and social benefits as output indicators,the construction efficiency of 28 pilot sponge cities in 2016-2019 was measured by using super efficiency SBM model and Malmquist productivity index model.The results show that among the 28 pilot sponge cities from 2016 to 2019,9 cities have reached DEA effectiveness and 19 cities have DEA ineffectiveness;Redundant capital input and insufficient environmental benefit output are the main reasons for the invalidity of DEA.The annual average of the total factor efficiency of sponge cities in China is greater than 1 during 2016 to 2019,and the resource allocation capacity is gradually improved.However,the total factor efficiency value of 10 cities is less than 1,and there is a backward situation,which needs to be improved by optimizing the organization and management level and improving the construction technology.The research results can provide a basis for building an efficient and high-level sponge city.