从领先快速到规范优质:上海学校心理健康教育回顾与思考

From Leading and Rapid to Standardized and High-Quality:Review and Reflection of Mental Health Education in Shanghai Schools

上海大中小学校心理健康教育从1985年领先起步开风气之先,历经快速发展、规范发展再到优质发展,迄今已走过近40年的历程。其演进史反映了以下特点:从行政推动起步到行政推动与专业行动相结合;从普及基建到内涵发展;从心理咨询单科独进到课程教学与咨询辅导并驾齐驱;队伍配置从志愿探索者到专职专业;从学段分立到大中小学一体化。未来发展需要呼应学生心理健康日益增加的服务需求,强化心育与德育结合,多育并举,加强系统协同,尤其是学校心理危机干预工作需要新思路,与此同时提升学校心理健康教师的胜任力。

Mental health education in universities,secondary and primary schools in Shanghai started in 1985.It has gone through nearly 40 years from the period of rapid&standardized and then to high-quality development.Its evolution history reflects the following characteristics:from administration-driven at the initial stage to the combination of administration-driven and professional action;from basic popularization to connotative development;from psychological counseling alone to the integration of the course teaching with counseling&guidance;from volunteer explorers to full-time and professional teachers;from separating educational stages to the integration of university,secondary and primary schools.For future development,we need to respond to the increasing demands of students’mental health service,strengthen the combination of psychological&moral education,promote general development in multiple aspects of students,and strengthen systematic coordination.In particular,new ideas are needed for school psychological crisis intervention,and meanwhile,the competence of mental health teachers needs to be improved.