园艺疗法对农村空巢老人抑郁、焦虑及认知功能的影响

Intervention of Horticulture Therapy on Cognitive Function and Emotion of Empty Nest Elderly in Rural Areas

目的:探究园艺疗法对农村空巢老人抑郁、焦虑及认知功能的影响。方法:选取甘肃省某县3个村的102名空巢老人作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各51人。观察组采用园艺疗法干预,对照组无特殊干预。采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和蒙特利尔认知评定量表(MoCA)评估空巢老人抑郁、焦虑及认知功能情况。结果:干预3个月后观察组无焦虑率(68.62%)、无抑郁率(70.59%)均高于对照组无焦虑率(29.41%)、无抑郁率(49.02%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为15.692、4.935,P值均<0.05);观察组SAS评分为(48.39±2.85)分、GDS评分为(9.35±1.86)分,对照组SAS评分为(52.21±4.48)分、GDS评分为(10.82±2.50)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组MoCA总分为(24.72±1.69)分、对照组为(21.35±1.53)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过采取园艺疗法可以降低农村空巢老人焦虑和抑郁状况,提高其认知功能。

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of horticultural therapy on depression,anxiety and cognitive function of empty nesters in rural areas.METHODS 102 empty nesters in 3 rural areas of a county in Gansu Province were randomly divided into ob⁃servation group and control group,with 51 people in each group.The observation group was treated with horticultural therapy,while the control group had no special intervention.The depression,anxiety and cognitive function of empty nesters were assessed by geri⁃atric depression scale(GDS),Zung self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA).RESULTS Af⁃ter 3 months of intervention,the non anxiety rate(68.62%)and non depression rate(70.59%)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(29.41%)and non depression rate(49.02%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.692,4.935,P<0.05).The SAS score and GDS score of the observation group were(48.39±2.85)and(9.35±1.86)respectively,while the SAS score and GDS score of the control group were(52.21±4.48)and(10.82±2.50)respectively,with significant difference(P<0.05).The total score of MOCA in the observation group was(24.72±1.69)and that in the control group was(21.35±1.53),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Gardening therapy can reduce the anxiety and depression of rural empty nesters and improve their cognitive function.