绘画治疗对老年精神分裂症患者认知功能和生活质量的影响

Effects of Painting Therapy on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Schizophrenia

目的:探讨绘画治疗对老年精神分裂症患者认知功能和生活质量的影响。方法:选取2019年1月—2020年1月上海市静安区精神卫生中心收治的96例老年精神分裂症患者,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各48例。对照组:给予患者常规治疗,观察组:给予患者常规治疗结合绘画治疗。采用精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(SQLS)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MOCA)及威斯康星卡片分类测试(WCST)方法对患者进行评价,比较患者治疗前后生活质量水平及认知功能变化。结果:治疗后观察组患者SQLS量表中心理社会评分、动机/精力评分、症状/副作用评分均低于对照组患者,MOCA评分高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为15.669、19.306、24.262、7.612,P值均<0.05)。治疗后观察组患者WCST测试总应答数、正确应答数、完成分类数高于对照组患者,持续错误数低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为10.218、10.208、6.827、2.624,P值均<0.05)。结论:绘画治疗有助于老年精神分裂症患者恢复认知功能,改善生活质量,加速康复进程。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of painting therapy on cognitive function and quality of life of elderly patients with schizophrenia.METHODS A total of 96 elderly patients with schizophrenia admitted to Shanghai Jing’an District Mental Health Center from January 2019 to January 2020 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 48 patients in each group.Control group:patients given routine treatment.Observation group:patients routine treatment combined with painting treatment.Patients were evaluated by the schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale(SQLS),the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MOCA),and the Wisconsin Card Classification Test(WCST)method to compare the quality of life level and cognitive function changes before and after treatment.RESULTS Psychosocial scores,motivation/energy scores,and symptom/side effect scores in the SQLS scale were all lower than the control group,and MOCA scores were higher than the control group.The difference was significant(t=15.669,19.306,24.262,7.612,P<0.05).The total number of responses,the number of correct responses and the classification of WCST completed in the observation group were higher than that of the control group,and the number of persistent errors was lower,and the difference was statistically significant(t=10.218,10.208,6.827,2.624,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Painting therapy can help to restore cognitive function,improve the quality of life and accelerate the rehabilitation process of elderly patients with schizophrenia.