叶面喷施矮壮素对番茄嫁接愈合的调节作用

Regulating Effect of Foliar Spraying Chlorocholine Chloride on Graft Formation of Tomato

该研究选用番茄接穗品种‘硬粉8号’和砧木品种‘砧爱1号’为试材,分别在嫁接前6 d和12 d叶面喷施100 mg·L^(-1)生长抑制剂矮壮素(CCC),测定番茄幼苗生长指标和嫁接接合部植物激素含量,监测CCC处理对嫁接愈合进程的影响。结果显示:(1)‘硬粉8号’和‘砧爱1号’幼苗生长受到CCC显著抑制,株高分别显著降低33.30%和33.96%,两幼苗地上部鲜重及‘砧爱1号’幼苗干重也均显著降低。(2)嫁接后12 h和48 h,CCC处理显著降低了嫁接接合部GA_(15)和GA_(8)含量,嫁接后48 h和72 h显著提高了嫁接接合部GA_(34)和GA_(3)含量;嫁接后12、48和72 h,CCC处理显著提高了嫁接接合部L-色氨酸、吲哚-3-乙酸甲酯、色胺、吲哚-3-乙酸、反式-玉米素-9-Β葡萄糖苷和异戊烯腺嘌呤-9-葡萄糖苷含量。(3)嫁接后48-168 h,CCC处理显著提高了嫁接接合部维管束品红吸收含量和平均荧光强度;嫁接后72 h,CCC处理的嫁接接合部已可见木质部导管分子连接;嫁接后96-120 h,CCC处理的嫁接接合部木质部与韧皮部基本完成连接,愈伤组织薄壁细胞填满接合部间隙,完成时间早于对照。(4)嫁接后20 d,CCC处理显著提高了接穗叶绿素(SPAD值)和砧木根系活力。研究发现,番茄幼苗嫁接前叶面喷施CCC可有效促进维管束重连和嫁接苗生长发育。

In this study,tomato scion variety‘Yingfen No.8’and stock variety‘Zhenai No.1’were used as test materials.100 mg·L^(-1) CCC was foliar sprayed on tomato scion and stock when 6 and 12 days before grafting,respectively.The growth indexes of tomato seedlings,the contents of plant hormones in the grafted union were measured,and the effect of CCC on the process of grafting formation was monitored.The results showed that:(1)CCC significantly inhibited scion and stock seedlings growth,reduced the plant height by 33.30%and 33.96%,respectively.The aboveground fresh weight of scion and stock seedlings and dry weight of stock were reduced.(2)At 12 and 48 h after grafting,CCC decreased the contents of GA_(15) and GA_(8),increased the contents of GA_(34) and GA_(3) at 48 and 72 h after grafting;At 12,48 and 72 h after grafting,CCC increased the contents of TRP,MEIAA,TRA,IAA,tZOG and iP9 G.(3)48-168 h after grafting,CCC increased the fuchsin absorption content and mean fluorescence intensity of vascular bundles in the grafted union;72 h after grafting,the grafted union treatment by CCC was connected with xylem vessel elements;96-120 h after grafting,the reconnection of xylem and phloem of the grafted union was basically completed treatment by CCC,the parenchyma cells of callus filled the gap of the grafted union,which was earlier than control.(4)20 days after grafting,CCC increased SPAD value of scion leaves and root activity of stock.The results showed that foliar spraying CCC before grafting could effective promote the reconnection of vascular bundles and the growth and development of grafted seedlings.