构筑物下深部压煤间歇协调开采方法研究

Study on the Intermittently Harmonized Mining Deep Coal under Buildings

地下采掘活动会对地下浅埋古文物造成不同程度的破坏和扰动。鉴于矿区内潜水位较高,在综合考虑文物保护、地质和水文条件、开采设计等因素的基础上,根据多工作面协调开采原理,提出了适合于构筑物下深部压煤的间歇协调开采方法。应用间歇协调开采方法合理设计出了构筑物下深部压煤间歇协调开采的尺寸和时序,给出了相邻工作面相错距离、工作面宽度和工作面煤柱稳定性验算的计算公式。基于地下开采引起的地表移动规律,选取了该矿区地表沉陷预计参数。利用概率积分法对各间歇阶段开采后的地表移动和变形进行了预计,分析了各阶段试验区内地表移动和变形情况,对矿区深部压煤条件下古文物遗址内构筑物保护性开采方案进行了优化设计,从而确保地表整体同步缓慢下沉与变形。理论和实践研究表明:在浅埋古文物深部压煤条件下,采用间歇协调开采,古文物内地表不均匀下沉和变形得以叠加缓解,损害程度小于Ⅰ级,不仅实现了浅埋古文物的有效保护,还可以最大限度地解放地下煤炭资源。

The shallow buried ancient cultural relics can be damaged and disturbed to certain degrees by underground excavation activities.In view of the high water level in the mining area,comprehensive consideration of cultural relic protection,geological and hydrological conditions,mining design and other factors,according to the principle and method of multi-working surface coordinate mining,the intermittently harmonized mining method is put forward to solve the problems of extracting coal under building.Based on the intermittent coordinated mining method,the size and time sequence of the intermittent coordinated mining of deep compaction coal under the structure are designed reasonably,and the calculating formulas of the phase staggering distance of adjacent working face,the width of working face and the stability checking of coal pillar in working face are given.The intermittently harmonized mining method can be used to reduce ground dynamic or static deformation caused by underground mining,to delay sinking speed,and to ensure the overall slow sinking in the study area.The size and timing of the mining of lower pressure coal are designed by using the intermittently harmonized mining method.The prediction parameters of ground subsidence were determined by the ground movement laws of the mine.Probability integral method is used for each batch stage after the ground movement and deformation of mining is predicted,and the ground movement and deformation conditions of all mining stages in the ancient cultural relics sites are analyzed.Optimized design of protective mining scheme for structures under the condition of deep coal compression is carried out,so as to ensure the whole ground synchronous slow subsidence and deformation.Theoretical and practical research shows that the intermittent coordinate mining can be carried out to extract the deep coal under the condition of shallow buried ancient cultural relics,and the ground uneven subsidence and deformation can be super posited to reduce the damage degree less than levelⅠ,thus the ancient cultural relics was effectively protected,at the same time the underground coal resources was extracted to the maximum.