低硅铁尾矿制备陶粒滤料试验研究

Study on the Preparation of Ceramisite Filter from Low-silicate Iron Tailings

铁尾矿是铁矿选矿过程中产生的固体废弃物,大量铁尾矿堆积在尾矿库中不仅浪费了资源,也增加了企业运行成本,更会危害当地生态环境。以杨家湾尾矿库低硅铁尾矿为主要原料,掺入了铜尾矿、污泥等固体废弃物,通过烧结法制备陶粒。在铁尾矿、铜尾矿、污泥、煤粉质量比8∶1∶1∶1,水料比1∶5,烧结温度1100℃、烧结时间50 min条件下,制得烧结陶粒滤料,其表观密度为1544.90 kg/m^(3),堆积密度785.7 kg/m^(3),筒压强度3.23 MPa,1 h吸水率25.9%,含泥量0.98%,空隙率51.37%,比表面积0.52×10^(4) cm^(2)/g,盐酸可溶率1.80%,破碎与磨损之和0.70%,满足GJ/T 299—2008《水处理用人工陶粒滤料》人工陶粒滤料指标,可以作为水处理用人工陶粒滤料,具有工业化应用前景。

Iron tailings are solid wastes produced during iron ore beneficiation process.A large amount of iron tailings piled up in the tailings pond not only wastes resources,but also increases the operation cost and threats the surrounding ecological environment.In this paper,low-silica iron tailings from Yangjiawan tailings pond were used as the raw material,mixed with copper tailings,sludge and other solid wastes to prepare ceramisite filter by sintering method.In the mass ratio of iron tailings,copper tailings,sludge,coal is 8∶1∶1∶1,water to material ratio of 1∶5,at sintering temperature of 1100℃for 50 min,the prepared ceramisite filter had an apparent density of 1544.90 kg/m^(3),a bulk density of 785.7 kg/m^(3),a cylinder pressure of 3.23 MPa and 1 h water absorption rate of 25.9%,with silt content of 0.98%,void ratio of 51.37%and specific surface area of 0.52×10^(4) cm^(2)/g.The solubility of this ceramisite filter in hydrochloric acid was 1.80%,with the sum of breakage and wear of 0.70%,meeting the requirements of GJ/T 299—2008“Artifical ceramsite filter material for water treatment”.Therefore,this iron ore tailings can be used as artificial ceramsite filter for water treatment and has great potential of industrial application.