工业智能化如何影响制造业参与国际分工——基于全球价值链视角

The Effect of Industrial Intelligence on Manufacturing Participation in International Division of Labor:From the Perspective of Global Value Chain

基于2007—2019年国际机器人联盟披露的工业机器人数据和UIBE GVC数据库公布的全球价值链相关数据,深入考察工业智能化对一国制造业参与国际分工的影响。结果表明:工业智能化有利于提高各国制造业GVC的参与度,但其对GVC分工地位的影响呈先升后降的倒U型关系;从人口结构和经济环境来看,工业智能化更易推动劳动力资源充沛和经济欠发达国家GVC参与度的提升,但对不同国家GVC分工地位的倒U型影响普遍存在;工业智能化对GVC的影响还具有明显的示范效应,即不仅有利于缩小同一国家不同行业GVC参与度的差异性,增强产业的整体性,还能在一定程度上促进不同国家相同行业之间的国际竞争。因而加快工业智能化发展,进一步释放技术红利,更好地融入世界经济,是进一步提升我国GVC参与度、实现GVC分工地位跃升的必由之路。

Based on the industrial robot data disclosed by the International Federation of Robotics from 2007 to 2019 and the data of global value chain published by the UIBE GVC database,this paper made in-depth investigation of the effect of industrial intelligence on the participation of a country's manufacturing in-dustry in the international division of labor.The results show that industrial intelligence is conducive to im-proving the participation of GVC in the manufacturing industry of various countries,but its impact on the po-sition of GVC shows an inverted U-shaped relationship of rising first and then falling;from the perspective of demographic structure and economic environment,industrial intelligence is more likely to promote the partic-ipation of GVC in abundant labor resources and economically underdeveloped countries;however,the invert-ed U-shaped impact on the position of GVC in different countries is common.In addition,the impact of in-dustrial intelligence on GVC also has an obvious demonstration effect,which not only helps to narrow the difference in the participation of GVC in different industries in the same country and enhance the integrity of the industry,but also promotes international competition in the same industry in different countries to acer-tain extent.Therefore,it is the inevitable choice to further enhance the participation of GVC in China and a-chieve the leap in the status of GVC position by accelerating the development of industrial intelligence to fur-ther release technological dividends and better integrate into the world economy.