社区老年痴呆照料者心理状态与应对方式的关系

Relationship between mental state and coping style of caregivers of dementia patients in community

目的探讨社区老年痴呆照料者的心理状态与应对方式的关系。方法于2021年9~10月在东昌社区、西湖社区、府西社区选取符合老年痴呆诊断的60例患者的照料者为研究对象。收集痴呆照料者的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、工作状态、文化程度、是否与患者同住等资料,采用广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD)-17和简易应对问卷调查痴呆照料者的焦虑情绪、应对方式,并采用Pearson相关性分析痴呆照料者的焦虑评分与应对方式的关系。采用多元线性回归分析影响痴呆照顾者焦虑评分的相关因素。结果不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、工作状态、文化程度、是否与患者同住的痴呆照料者的焦虑评分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);60例痴呆照料者积极应对方式评分、消极应对方式评分分别为(19.37±3.45)分、(15.89±2.74)分;经Pearson相关性分析结果显示,痴呆照料者焦虑评分与积极应对方式呈负相关(r=-0.208,P<0.05),与消极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.210,P<0.05);经多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、积极应对对照料者焦虑情绪有负向预测作用,消极应对有正向预测作用(P<0.05)。结论社区老年痴呆照料者存在不同程度的焦虑情绪,照料者应多采取积极的应对方式,其焦虑情绪与应对方式关系密切。

Objective To explore the relationship between mental state and coping style of caregivers of dementia patients in community.Methods The caregivers of 60 patients diagnosed as dementia in Dongchang Community,Xihu Community,and Fuxi Community from September to October 2021 were selected as research objects.Data of the caregivers,such as age,gender,marital status,working status,education level,whether living with the patients,were collected.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD)-17 and the Simple Coping Questionnaire were used to investigate the anxiety and coping style of the caregivers.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between anxiety score and coping style of the caregivers.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors affecting the anxiety score of the caregivers.Results There were significant differences in anxiety scores among the caregivers with different age,gender,marital status,working status,educational level,and whether living with patients(P<0.05).The scores of positive coping style and negative coping style of 60 caregivers were(19.37±3.45)points and(15.89±2.74)points,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that anxiety score of the caregivers was negatively correlated with positive coping style(r=-0.208,P<0.05),and positively correlated with negative coping style(r=0.210,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,education level and positive coping style had a negative predictive effect on anxiety,and negative coping style had a positive predictive effect(P<0.05).Conclusion Caregivers of dementia patients in community have different degrees of anxiety.Caregivers should take more positive coping styles.Their anxiety is closely related to coping styles.