几种增值评价方法的对比分析及实证研究

Comparative Analysis and Empirical Research of Several Value-Added Evaluation Methods

探索增值评价是深化新时代教育评价改革的任务之一。为研究常见增值评价方法在实际应用中的有效性,选取30所学校共34830名高三年级学生的2次数学考试数据作为样本,分别使用标准分法、效应量法、分层回归法及学生成长百分位法计算增值效应,以评价不同学校及不同特征群体的增值表现。结果显示:增值评价能够提供区别于结果评价之外的有效信息,拓宽了评价学校整体表现的视角;较其他增值评价方法,学生成长百分位法可以较好地解决优秀学生进步空间受限等局限性。增值评价在实践中尚存在诸多探索空间,但也要注意应慎用增值评价的结果,使用时应结合其他评价指标作为综合参考。

Exploring value-added evaluation is one of the tasks of deepening the reform of educational evaluation in the new era.In order to study the effectiveness of typical value-added evaluation methods in practical application,this paper selects 34830 senior grade three students in 30 schools with 2 mathematics test data as samples,and uses standard score method,effect size method,hierarchical regression method and student growth percentile method respectively.The value-added effect is calculated by the method to evaluate the value-added performance of different schools and different characteristic groups.The results show that the value-added evaluation can provide effective information that is different from the outcome-based evaluation,which broadens the perspective of evaluating the overall performance of the school.Compared with other value-added evaluation methods,the student growth percentile method can better solve the limitations of other value-added evaluation methods such as the limited progress of outstanding students.There is still a lot of room for exploration in value-added evaluation in practice,but it should also be noted that the results of value added evaluation should be used with caution,and other evaluation indicators should be used as a comprehensive reference.