赣南某未开发离子型稀土矿区土壤环境质量评价

Soil Environmental Quality Assessment around the Undeveloped Ion Adsorption Type Rare Earth Ore in Southern Jiangxi

为摸清未开发离子型稀土矿区土壤环境质量,使后续开采过程中的监测更有目的性,以赣南某矿区为研究区域,采用改进内梅罗土壤肥力综合法评价了研究区域土壤肥力,采用单因子指数法和内梅罗污染指数法评价了其重金属污染状况。结果显示:研究区域各单项土壤肥力水平依次为全磷<全氮<有机质<速效磷<碱解氮<速效钾<全钾,整体处于低水平、贫瘠状态,优于赣南某采矿废弃区;各项重金属污染水平依次为As<Ni<Cr<Cu<Zn<Cd<Pb,均处于安全区范围内,与江西省土壤背景值具有可比性,优于赣南某采矿废弃区。研究揭示该地区土壤肥力低下,不存在重金属污染,在后期开发利用中,应注意对土壤中碱解氮、全钾、速效钾、Pb、Cd和As的监测。

In order to find out the soil quality of the undeveloped ion adsorption type rare earth ore,and more purposeful monitoring in the mining process,a mining area in Ningdu,southern Jiangxi was taken as the research area,and the improved Nemerow soil fertility comprehensive method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of the research area,the single factor index method and Nemerow pollution index method were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution status.Results show that:the soil fertility levels of each single item in the study area are is total phosphorus<total nitrogen<organic matter<available phosphorus<alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen<available potassium<total potassium,and the overall level is low and barren,which is better than that of a mining waste area;The pollution levels of heavy metals are As<Ni<Cr<Cu<Zn<Cd<Pb,which are all within the safe area and comparable with the soil background value in Jiangxi Province,and better than a mining waste area.The research revealed that the soil fertility in this area is low and there is no heavy metal pollution.In the later development and utilization,attention should be paid to the monitoring of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium,Pb,Cd and As in the soil.