压电超材料单元设计及在弹性梁减振中的应用

PIEZOELECTRIC METAMATERIAL DESIGN AND ITS APPLICATION IN ALLEVIATING VIBRATION OF ELASTIC BEAM

超材料是将不同性质的材料按照某种规律组合在一起形成的一种周期材料.由于其对弹性波的传递会产生带隙效应,因此在噪声控制、减振隔振等领域得到重视.本文设计了一种压电超材料,通过压电材料元胞的周期性排列,产生频率带隙,以获得减振效果.结构尺寸及厚度小,可以粘贴在主结构上.首先分析了设计的压电超材料色散特性;其次,利用压电超材料对悬臂梁结构进行了减振研究,分析了若干个元胞组成的压电超材料对梁振动能量的调控,并结合压电片上的电压曲线;最后,研究了分流电路中的电阻值和电感值对压电超材料梁减振特性的影响.提出此类压电超材料的进一步改进方向.

Metamaterial is a type of composite material structure,in which a cell is repeated periodically with different materials integrated.Owing to the phenomenon that metamaterial structures can form a bandgap in spectrum and make the elastic wave propagation confined in it,they has attracted attentions in the fields of noise and vibration control.In this paper,we proposed a piezoelectric metamarerial,in which a piezoelectric material and a oscillate circuit form the cell.From the theoretical analysis,it is proved that the frequency band gap is generated.Furthermore,this kind of piezoelectric metamaterial is put on a cantilever beam to show the effect of vibration attenuation.The simulation investigation is carried out,including the studies on the vibration energy absorption,the influence of resistance and the vibration attenuation characteristic(combined with the voltage curve on PZT).The results focus on the significance of transmission and voltage,and show that the piezoelectric metamaterial is effective in vibration attenuation.