河道水稻生态浮床对水质净化及鱼类物种多样性的影响

Effects of Ecological Floating bed of Rice on Water Purification and Fish Species Diversity

从2009年7月至10月(为期4个月)在河道中设置生态浮床,7月中旬和8月中旬分别测定各样点水质指标;9月中旬采用浮丝网、沉丝网、地笼组合方法进行鱼类取样,比较浮床区与上、下游样点间鱼类物种组成的差异。结果显示,7月份,浮床区水体总氮、总磷、氨氮含量和高锰酸钾指数显著低于上游和下游,8月份,浮床区水体总氮含量和高锰酸钾指数显著低于上游,浮床区总磷含量显著低于下游。鱼类总生物量表现为下游(775.3 g)>上游(755.3 g)>浮床区(297.8 g),总数量表现为下游(45尾)>上游(21尾)>浮床区(13尾)。上游以底层鱼类数量最高(61.9%),浮床区也是以底层鱼类数量最高(69.2%),下游区则是以中下层鱼类数量最高(68.9%)。

From July to October 2009,REFBs were deployed in the river channel and rice was planted in early July,and water quality indexes were investigated in mid-July and mid-August.The combined sampling method integrated floating net,sinking net with ground cage was used for fish sampling,and the differences of fish assemblage among sample points of the upstream,REFBs and downstream areas were compared in mid-September.Results showed that the water total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N)contents and potassium permanganate index(COD_(Mn))in REFBs area were obviously lower than those of upstream and downstream in July.Water TN content and COD_(Mn) in REFBs area were significantly lower than those in the upstream area,and TP contents in REFBs area were significantly lower than those in the downstream area in August.The total fish biomass appeared as downstream(775.3g)>upstream(755.3g)>REFBs areas(297.8g),and the total fish quantity appeared as downstream(45 fish)>upstream(21 fish)>REFBs areas(13 fish).The upstream area had the highest quantity of bottom fish(61.9%),the REFBs area also had the highest quantity of bottom fish(69.2%),and the downstream area had the highest quantity of middle and lower fish(68.9%).