量子地球物理深部探测技术及装备发展战略研究

Development Strategy of Quantum-Based Deep Geophysical Exploration Technology and Equipment

量子传感与测量技术是实现地球深部重磁场精细化探测的颠覆性技术之一,成为国际地球物理探测装备的重点发展方向。本文聚焦我国地球重磁场的量子高精度测量前沿技术布局,梳理了量子地球物理探测装备的发展现状,分析了深部资源探测中超导量子电磁探测系统、磁矢量梯度探测系统和超导重力探测系统、冷原子绝对重力探测系统等需求,研判量子精密测量技术的国际发展态势,剖析我国该领域发展面临的科技难题、技术瓶颈和机遇挑战。针对我国量子地球物理探测装备在核心技术攻关、完全国产化和探测应用等方面能力不足问题,提出了新一代量子高精度地球物理深部探测装备的发展目标、技术体系、重点任务、战略规划,突破超导量子芯片和高灵敏度传感器等“卡脖子”技术瓶颈,建立我国自主可控的量子地球物理探测技术及装备发展的协同组织模式,推动深部探测装备高质量跨越式发展,为解决深部矿产资源探测、揭示地球深部构造等重大问题提供技术支撑。

Quantum-based sensing and measurement technology is a disruptive technology that can realize fine detection of the gravity and magnetic fields in deep Earth,and it has become a key development direction for geophysical exploration equipment worldwide.This study focuses on the frontier technologies for the quantum-based high-precision measurement of Earth’s gravity and magnetic fields,summarizes the development status of quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment,and analyzes demand for the superconducting quantum-based electromagnetic detection system,magnetic vector gradient detection system,superconducting gravity detection system,and cold-atom absolute-gravity exploration system during deep resource exploration.Moreover,the international trend of quantum-based high-precision measurement technology as well as the development opportunities and challenges in this field are analyzed.To improve the core technology research,complete localization,and exploration application of quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment in China,we propose the development goals,technical system,key tasks,and strategic planning for a new generation of quantum-based high-precision deep geophysical exploration equipment.This aims to achieve breakthroughs in superconducting quantum chips and high-sensitivity sensors,establish a collaboration model for the independent development of China’s quantum-based geophysical exploration equipment,promote the high-quality development of deep exploration equipment,and provide strategic support for solving major problems associated with deep mineral resource exploration and revealing of Earth’s deep structure.