我国锅炉装备绿色低碳发展路径研究

Green and Low-Carbon Development Path of Boiler Equipment in China

锅炉作为高耗能特种设备,在电力、供热、钢铁等行业及日常生活中广泛应用,是保障国民经济发展和人民生活的重要基础设施;锅炉装备能源消耗、大气污染物、碳排放量大,为此,开展锅炉装备绿色低碳转型升级,对实现碳达峰、碳中和目标具有重要的支撑意义。本文从锅炉装备节能降碳的需求出发,对电站锅炉、工业锅炉两类产品分别进行讨论,总结了我国锅炉装备的发展态势,分析了存在的问题。在此基础上,根据电站锅炉和工业锅炉装备自身特点,综合考虑生产、使用、检验检测等环节和燃料供应、使用工况、运行水平等因素,提出了电站锅炉改造升级、工业锅炉低碳转型、锅炉制造绿色发展、锅炉使用管理水平提升等锅炉装备绿色低碳发展路径,并阐述了相应的具体措施。最后,本文从加强科技创新、健全公共服务体系和完善法律法规与标准体系3个方面提出了对策建议,以期为推进锅炉装备制造业转型升级、实现锅炉装备绿色低碳发展提供参考。

As special equipment with high energy consumption,boilers are widely used in electric power,heating,steel,and other industries and in daily life.It is a significant infrastructure for guaranteeing economic development and people’s life.Energy consumption,air pollutants,and carbon emissions of boilers are large.Therefore,green and low-carbon transformation of boiler equipment is crucial for realizing carbon peak and carbon neutrality.In this paper,power station boilers and industrial boilers are discussed separately from the perspective of energy conservation and carbon emission reduction of boiler equipment,the development trend of boiler equipment in China is summarized,and existing problems are analyzed.Based on the characteristics of the power station and industrial boilers,and considering the stages of production,use,and inspection,as well as the factors of fuel supply,operating conditions,and operation level,green and low-carbon development paths of boiler equipment are proposed,including upgrade of power station boilers,low-carbon transformation of industrial boilers,green development of boiler manufacturing,and use and management level improvement.Moreover,corresponding measures are expounded.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from three aspects:strengthening scientific and technological innovation,perfecting public service system,and improving laws,regulations,and standards system,so as to provide a reference for promoting the transformation and upgrading of the boiler equipment manufacturing industry and realizing the green and low-carbon development of boiler equipment.