清末新疆巡抚袁大化的治疆思想——以《新疆图志》袁大化系列序文为中心

Inspector Yuan Dahua's Thoughts of Governing Xinjiang at the End of Qing Dynasty:Centered on Yuan Dahua's Series of Prefaces to Xinjiang Tuzhi

袁大化为《新疆图志》撰述的总序和分志序等一系列序文,集中表达了他关于新疆治理的一整套思想主张。其中,袁大化既表达了加强西北边疆防御、完善新疆行政建置、捍卫国家领土主权、反抗外来侵略的爱国主义思想,又提出了以民为本、重视民生、兴修新疆铁路、加强新疆经济开发的重民思想,同时大力倡导了因俗而治、民族团结一体的民族思想。这些思想主张都是袁大化根据清末新疆经营管理的实际提出的,具有现实的针对性,对今天的新疆治理也有一定的借鉴启发意义。

Yuan Dahua was the last provincial governor of Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty.During his tenure,he organized and compiled the last Xinjiang local chronicle of the Qing Dynasty,Xinjiang Tuzhi(新疆图志).In the process of compiling Xinjiang Tuzhi,Yuan Dahua implemented his ideological intentions on the Xinjiang management and governance into the book's style setting and content writing,which concentrated on general description and sub-orders he wrote for Xinjiang Tuzhi.In a series of prefaces,Yuan Dahua expressed a series of ideas on Xinjiang governance,concluding defending the country's territorial sovereignty,opposing foreign aggression,advocating governance by customs.He also took national unity and advocated the people as the basis,and attached more importance to the people's livelihood,management and development.All his wise thoughts on governing Xinjiang still have a certain reference and inspiration in the present life.