空间治理视角下中大北门广场碎片化现象研究

Research on Fragmentation of Sun Yat-Sen University North Square from the Perspective of Spatial Governance

中国城市建设进入存量发展时期,很多城市小尺度公共空间在城市更新过程中被重构、分割和消解,出现完整性和适应性受损的碎片化现象。通过对中山大学北门广场改造事件的实地调研、资料研究和分析、演绎等,从空间治理角度探究城市小尺度公共空间碎片化的成因:规划决策中缺乏有效的公众参与沟通机制,自上而下的操作模式僵化,本位主义的使用模式缺乏疏导。民众推脱维护公共空间秩序的责任的同时,主管部门缺乏对公共空间的策划、评估、监管和沟通,最终形成“公地悲剧”。基于以上分析实证,提出改进城市小尺度空间碎片化现象的策略建议。

As the main activity place of residents’daily life,small-scaled urban public space can successfully meet the daily activity needs of residents.For that reason,quality improvement of such space has become an important task in urban construction.In the general trend of urban construction inventory development in China,many small-scaled urban public spaces have been already reconstructed,segmented and digested during the urban renewal process,causing spatial fragmentation with damaged integrity and adaptation.In this work,the reconstruction project of Sun Yat-Sen University North Square was investigated by performing a field survey as well as data review,analysis and deduction.From the extracted outcomes,it was found that the space quality of the reconstructed square decreased significantly,the leisure function and distribution function were weakened significantly,whereas the spirit of the place was damaged.The fragmentation phenomenon of a small-scaled urban public space was further discussed from the perspective of spatial governance and some potential reasons were summarized.Firstly,the spatial planning and top-down decision-making are quite rigid and lack survey and communication mechanisms for extensive and effective public participation.Secondly,the used space and operation mode centered on"short-sighted and orientation"lack of dredging and linking,and also fail to meet the bottom-up demands.On the one hand,the public shirk the responsibility of maintaining good public space orders.On the other hand,effective planning,assessment,monitoring and communication of public spaces are missing from the competent department.The implementation of selfish departmentalism countermeasures were just multi-player games.Due to compromise to the user needs of the public space,the goal of controlling illegal behaviors in the square by losing leisure,distribution and recreation functions,and finally making it a"tragedy of public place"can be realized by the"one-size-fits-all"reconstruction governance measures.Based on the above-mentioned analysis and empirical study,some novel strategies and suggestions to significantly improve the fragmentation phenomenon of small-scaled urban spaces from the perspective of spatial governance were proposed here.Therefore,ordered and long-acting governance of small-scaled public spaces can be realized,and the sound sustainable development of cities by public policy guidelines can be guaranteed by the construction of the market mechanism and building of effective communication policies.