新型冠状病毒肺炎发生后遗症的病理生理机制研究进展

Progress in study on pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 sequelae

2019年12月,由新型冠状病毒感染引起的肺炎在中国武汉首次被报道。2020年1月30日,世界卫生组织宣布此为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件,并于2020年2月11日将这一疾病命名为2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)。与此同时,国际病毒分类委员会冠状病毒研究小组将新型冠状病毒命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)。

COVID-19 is caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Although the fatality rate turns to be decreasing and stabilizing,more and more patients have persistently shown atypical chronic symptoms with various extents after recovery,which draws widespread attention.While respiratory tract is the first site of SARS-CoV-2 invasion,the sequelae in COVID-19 patients are often characterized by multiple organ damages,which may be related to factors,such as age,gender,number of initial symptoms and presence of medical conditions. As of now,the understanding of the sequelae of COVID-19 is still incomplete,and there are very few drugs or therapeutic procedures available as well. This review will systematically elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of the persistent multi-organ sequelae of COVID-19 and the specific manifestations of each system,seeking to provide reference materials for its clinical diagnosis and the improvement of long-term prognosis of the patients.