腐殖酸与植物源杀线剂和微量元素配施对烤烟抗线虫病害的影响

Effects of Humus Acid and Its Combination with Phytogenic Nematicide and Trace Elements on Resistance of Tobacco against Root-knot Nematodes

[目的]防治烟草根结线虫病害,减少农药投入,探究改善烟株营养状况和提高抗病能力的措施,推动烟草栽培可持续发展。[方法]采用单因素试验设计,4个处理分别为清水对照、腐殖酸(H)、H+植物源杀线剂、H+微量元素,测定了烤烟生物量、主要农艺指标、根结线虫病级与根结指数、根系和根结形态学参数。[结果]与清水对照相比,所有处理均显著降低了烤烟根结线虫病级和根结指数、根结干重、根结数量和根结体积,显著提高了烟株茎粗、叶面积、SPAD、叶片数和株高,促进了根系生长,进而显著提高了烤烟叶干重和茎干重。[结论]增施腐殖酸营养液及其与植物源杀线剂和微量元素配施,可促进根系生长,进而提高烤烟抗病和抑病能力,是一项具有推广价值的措施,但对其抗病和抑病的机理,还有待进一步研究。

[Objective]To control tobacco root knot nematode disease,reduce pesticide investment,explore how to control root knot nema-todes by improving the nutritional status and disease resistance of tobacco plants to promote sustainable development of tobacco culture.[Meth-od]A field experiment was carried out with one factor randomized design.The four treatments were respectively water control,humus acid(H),H+phytogenic nematicide and H+trace elements.The biomass of flue-cured tobacco,main agronomic indexes,disease level and root-knot index of nematodes,and morphological parameters of root and root-knot were measured.[Result]Compared with the control of clear wa-ter,all three treatments significantly reduced the disease grade and root-knot index,dry weight,number and volume of root-knot,while signif-icantly increased the dry weight of leaf and stem due to the improvement of root growth,stem diameter,leaf area,SPAD,leaf number and plant height.[Conclusion]Therefore,our results highlighted that application of humus acid and its combination of phytogenic nematicide and trace element is a useful measure for sustainable tobacco production in the practice which can enhance the ability of flue-cured tobacco against disease resistance and inhibition of tobacco root nematode.However,the mechanism of its disease resistance and inhibition remain to be further studied.