中国农产品进出口贸易现状·结构及其竞争力研究

Research on the Current Situation,Structure and Competitiveness of China’s Agricultural Products Import and Export Trade

根据联合国商品贸易数据库中2011—2020年中国农产品进出口数据,对中国农产品进出口贸易的现状、结构及其竞争力进行分析。结果表明:①中国农产品贸易处于入超地位,进口远大于出口,并且进出口差距越来越大;②中国农产品进口结构变化较大,出口结构较为稳定;③从国际市场占有率MS指数来看,中国农产品贸易的国际竞争力在提升;但是,从贸易竞争力TC指数来看,中国农产品贸易的国际竞争力却在下降。为进一步提升中国农产品贸易竞争力,需要采取出台相应政策、对外文化输出、提高农产品质量以及加强物流基础设施建设等措施。

This article uses the import and export data of China’s agricultural products from 2011 to 2020 in the UN Comtrade Database to an-alyze the current situation,structure and competitiveness of China’s agricultural products import and export trade.The research results show that:①China’s agricultural products trade is in a trade deficit,imports are far greater than exports,and the gap between imports and exports is increasing;②China’s agricultural products import structure has changed a lot,and the export structure is relatively stable;③From the MS index,the international competitiveness of China’s agricultural products trade is improving,however,from the perspective of the TC in-dex,the international competitiveness of China’s agricultural products trade is declining.In order to further enhance the competitiveness of China’s agricultural products trade,it is necessary to adopt measures such as the introduction of corresponding policies,agricultural culture export,improvement of the quality of agricultural products,and strengthening of logistics infrastructure.