向外、向内与相互之间:戏剧治疗的三种模式及其案例研究

Outward,Inward and Between:Three Models of Drama Therapy and Their Case Studies

英美等国的戏剧治疗方法多种多样,包括心理剧、角色法、发展转化法、整合疗法等,其有各自的核心概念和理论。本领域的核心问题是:为什么戏剧治疗能够发挥作用?有哪些模式来描述其疗效原理?本文从美国戏剧治疗专家罗伯特·兰迪、尼娜·加西亚和大卫·约翰逊等人的理论和实践案例中,归纳出“向外”“向内”“相互之间”三个维度来回答上述问题。即:由内而外让来访者更形象地投射与表达,由外而内更深入地触及与体验,相互之间更紧密的联系与共创。

There are various methods of drama therapy in Britain and America,including psychodrama,role method,developmental transformation,integrated therapy and so on.They have their own core concepts and theories.The core questions in this field are:why does drama therapy work?How to describe its therapeutic factors?Based on the theory and practical cases of British drama therapist Phil Jones and American drama therapist Robert Randy,combined with the achievements published by other drama therapy practitioners,this paper summarizes the three dimensions of Outward,Inward and Between,and answers the above questions:Drama therapists help clients go outward,projecting and expressing more vividly,or help them go inward,touching and experiencing more in-depth,or help them go between with closer connection and co-creation.