不同饲养模式下太行鸡生产性能及蛋品质的差异

Comparative analysis of production performance and egg quality of Taihang Chicken under different feeding modes

[目的]比较不同饲养模式下太行鸡生产性能及鸡蛋品质的差异及相关性。[方法]选取1200只7日龄雌性健康太行雏鸡,随机分为3组,每组400只,分别以笼养、山林地散养和庭院散养的方式饲喂,试验期间尽可能保证各组蛋鸡除饲养模式不同外,其余因素均保持一致,进入太行鸡产蛋期后每组随机收集1000枚鸡蛋,期间记录太行鸡体重、采食量、产蛋总数及破蛋数,以组为单位统计太行鸡生产性能,同时对各组鸡蛋进行蛋品质测定分析。[结果]山林地散养的太行鸡平均日采食量显著高于笼养和庭院散养鸡,且山林地散养鸡和庭院散养鸡的产蛋率显著高于笼养鸡,但各组产蛋鸡的料蛋比无显著差异。同时,山林地散养鸡鸡蛋破蛋率显著高于笼养和庭院散养鸡鸡蛋。此外,笼养鸡蛋重、蛋白重、哈氏单位、外观平均直径、表面积和体积均高于另外2种散养鸡鸡蛋。然而,山林散养太行鸡蛋和庭院散养太行鸡鸡蛋的蛋黄比率均显著高于笼养鸡鸡蛋。相关性分析结果表明:笼养和2种散养饲养模式下鸡蛋外观直径和表面积呈显著正相关,体积与外观直径、表面积呈显著正相关,蛋形指数和球形度呈显著正相关,全蛋重与外观直径、表面积、体积呈显著正相关。[结论]考虑到散养和笼养各有利弊,建议在实际生产中可通过散养和笼养结合的方式饲喂,以提高太行鸡生产性能及蛋品质。

[Objectives]In order to compare the difference and correlation of production performance and egg quality of Taihang Chickens under different feeding modes.[Methods]12007-day-old female healthy Taihang Chicks were randomly divided into three groups.They were fed in cages,mountain forests and courtyards respectively.Other factors were kept consistent except for different feeding patterns.After entering the laying period of Taihang Chickens,1000 eggs were randomly collected in each group.During this period,the body weight,feed intake,the total number of eggs and broken eggs of Taihang chickens were recorded.Also the production performance of Taihang chickens was counted by group.At the same time,the egg quality in each group was determined and analyzed.[Results]The average daily feed intake of Taihang chickens in mountain forest was significantly higher than that in cage and courtyard,and the laying rate of mountain forest and courtyard free-range chickens was significantly higher than that in cage,but there was no significant difference in feed-egg ratio among laying hens.And the egg-breaking rate of chicken eggs raised in mountain forest was significantly higher than that in cage and courtyard.In addition,the weight,protein weight,Haugh unit,appearance average diameter,surface area and volume of caged eggs were higher than those of the other two kinds of free-range chicken eggs.However,the yolk ratio of Taihang Chicken eggs raised in mountain forest and courtyard was higher than that of caged chicken eggs.The results of correlation analysis shows that there is a significant positive correlation between apparent diameter and surface area,volume and apparent diameter and surface area,egg shape index and sphericity,and total egg weight is significantly positively correlated with apparent diameter,surface area and volume.[Conclusions]Considering the advantages and disadvantages of freerange breeding and cage-raising,this study suggests that Taihang chickens can be fed by the combination of free-raising and cage-raising in order to improve the production performance and egg quality of Taihang chickens.