低剂量CT筛查技术对于健康体检中肺癌高危人群的应用研究

Application of LDCT screening technology in high risk population of lung cancer in physical examination and health management center

目的探究低剂量CT(LDCT)筛查技术对于体检健康管理中心的肺癌高危人群的应用价值。方法前瞻性选取2015~2018年在北京航天总医院健康体检中心进行早期肺癌筛查的肺癌高危人员1500例,按照随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组750例,对照组采用传统CT检测技术,而观察组则采用LDCT技术进行筛查,对两组受检者的结果进行比较,分析对比两种技术对肺癌高危人群筛查肺结节的有效率。结果观察组图像质量优秀(590例)、良好(137例)明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组对象的肺部结节检出率比较中,观察组检出≤5 mm直径的肺结节(47例)、5~10 mm直径的肺结节(43例)、>10 mm直径的肺结节(62例)均多于对照组,且与对照组相比,观察组结节检出率(20.27%)明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组对象的肺结节检出率比较中,观察组的检出率为(91.75%),明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组单次扫描的平均CT剂量指数(CTDI)(0.75±0.31)mSv、平均剂量长度乘积(DLP)(53.54±18.67)mGy/cm均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论LDCT扫描技术的图像质量满足了临床诊断的要求,同时具有较高的肺部结节检出率,并且能够有效降低受检者在进行肺部筛查时的辐射伤害。

Objective To explore the application value of LDCT screening technology for lung cancer high-risk population in physical examination health management center.Methods 1500 patients at high risk of lung cancer who underwent early lung cancer screening in the health examination center of Beijing Aerospace General hospital during the three years from 2015 to 2018were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the random number distribution method.The control group was screened by traditional CT technology,while the observation group was screened by LDCT technology,and the results of the two groups were compared.To analyze and compare the screening and diagnosis efficiency of the two technologies for lung cancer high-risk population.Results The excellent and good image quality of the observation group(590 cases)was significantly higher than that of the control group(137 cases),and the poor image quality of the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group(23 cases)(P<0.05).In comparison of the detection rate of lung nodules between the two groups,lung cancer nodules with diameter≤5mm(47 cases),lung nodules with diameter 5-10mm(43 cases)and lung nodules with diameter>10mm(62 cases)were detected in the observation group,and the detection rate of lung nodules in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(20.27%)(P<0.05).In comparison of the detection rate of lung cancer between the two groups,the detection rate of observation group was(91.75%),which was significantly higher than that of control group,and the missed diagnosis rate(8.25%)was also significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The average CTDl(0.75±0.31)mSv and average DLP(53.54±18.67)mGy/cm in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The image quality of LDCT scanning technology meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis,and has a high detection rate of pulmonary nodules and early lung cancer.Moreover,it can effectively reduce the radiation damage of subjects during lung screening,which is worth promoting vigorously in chest health examination and early lung cancer screening.