13份油菜骨干亲本产量和品质性状配合力分析

Analysis on Combining Ability of Yield and Quality Characters of 13 Foundation Parents of Brassica napus

【目的】提高甘蓝型油菜产量及品质性状优势组合的选配效率,为西藏油菜现有资源的杂种优势利用提供依据。【方法】以13份甘蓝型油菜自交系作亲本,按照不完全双列杂交设计组配40份杂交组合,以油菜3个品质性状和单株产量为研究对象,分析各亲本的配合力和各性状的遗传力。【结果】在一般配合力上,5个父本按优劣顺序依次为希望759>湘油420=京华165>育苗10>大地95,8个母本按优劣顺序依次为04306-2>127025-3=158106-2=158112-3>08014-2>68-3=年河18>06034-3。单株产量特殊配合力最好的组合是京华165×年河18(达28.8798),组合京华165×年河18、湘油420×158112-3具有高产、优质的潜力;育苗10×68-3、育苗10×127025-3、湘油420×06034-3特殊配合力分别为28.8316、25.3975、22.4819,具有产量优势。广义遗传力以油酸含量最高、达96.93%,单株产量最低、仅56.09%。【结论】两个油菜骨干亲本希望759、04306-2的一般配合力效应值排名最优,在油菜杂交组合的选配上可重点利用,其中含油量、蛋白质含量、油酸含量3个品质性状可进行早期选择,而单株产量性状不宜早期选择。

【Objective】The study was carried out to improve the selection efficiency of dominant combinations of yield and quality characters in Brassica napus,and to provide a basis for the utilization of heterosis of rape resources in Tibet.【Method】13 inbred lines of B.napus were used as parents and 40 hybrid combinations were combined according to incomplete diallel cross design.With 3 quality traits and yield per plant as research objects the combining ability and heritability of each parent were analyzed.【Result】The general combining ability 5 male parents ranked as:Xiwang 759> Xiangyou 420 = Jinghua 165 > Yumiao 10 >Dadi 95,while that of 8 female parents ranked as:04306-2 > 127025-3 =158106-2 = 158112-3 > 08014-2 > 68-3 = Nianhe 18 > 06034-3.The combination with the best special combining ability for yield per plant was Jinghua 165×Nianhe 18(28.8798).The combinations of Jinghua 165×Nianhe 18 and Xiangyou 420×158112-3 had the potential of high yield and high quality.And the combinations of Yumiao 10×68-3,Yumiao 10×127025-3,Xiangyou 420×06034-3,with SCA values of 28.8316,25.3975 and 22.4819 respectively,had yield advantage.The broad heritability of oleic acid content was the highest,up to 96.93%;while yield per plant was the lowest,only 56.09%.【Conclusion】The two foundation parents Xiwang 759 and 04306-2 with the optimal general combination ability could be mainly used in the selection of hybrid combinations of B.napus.In the process of breeding,the three quality traits of oil content,protein content and oleic acid could be selected early,while the trait of yield per plant was not suitable for early selection.