烤烟专用有机无机复混肥对贺州旱地K326烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Compound Fertilizer for Flue-cured Tobacco on Tobacco Quality of K326 in Hezhou Dry Land

【目的】比较烤烟专用有机无机复混肥不同施用量对贺州旱地K326烟叶品质的影响,为明确K326品种烤烟专用有机无机复混肥的施用量提供参考依据。【方法】以烤烟品种K326为试验材料,以常规施肥为对照(CK),于2021年在贺州富川开展烤烟专用有机无机复混肥不同基肥施用量(1500、1725、1950kg/hm^(2))试验,分析不同烤烟专用有机无机复混肥施用量对烤烟品种K326产量和质量的影响。【结果】烟叶产量和平均单叶质量随着施N量的提高呈现增加趋势,而烟叶产值和上等烟比例均以烤烟专用有机无机复混肥1950kg/hm^(2)处理最高。1500、1725、1950kg/hm^(2)处理烟碱含量均在适宜范围,而CK烟碱含量偏高。中部叶的化学成分协调性排序为1500kg/hm^(2)处理>1725kg/hm^(2)处理>1950kg/hm^(2)处理>CK,上部叶的化学成分协调性排序为1500kg/hm^(2)处理>1950kg/hm^(2)处理>1725kg/hm^(2)处理=CK,总体以1500kg/hm^(2)处理最好;中部叶的物理特性排序为1500kg/hm^(2)处理>1950kg/hm^(2)处理>1725kg/hm^(2)处理>CK,上部叶的物理特性排序为1500kg/hm^(2)处理=1725kg/hm^(2)处理=1950kg/hm^(2)处理>CK。感官质量以1500kg/hm^(2)处理和1725kg/hm^(2)处理较好,具体表现香气质较好和香气量较足,中部叶刺激性明显较小。综合评价以1725kg/hm^(2)处理得分最高。【结论】对贺州旱地K326施用烤烟专用有机无机复混肥的用量为1725kg/hm^(2)时,烟叶产量和品质较佳。

【Objective】In order to provide references for exploring the suitable application amount of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco K326 in dry land of Hezhou tobacco-growing area,the application amounts of different organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco were compared.【Method】Taking fluecured tobacco variety K326 as experimental material,with conventional fertilization as control (CK),experiments were carried out in Fuchuan,Hezhou in 2021 to analyze the effects of different application amounts (1 500 kg/hm^(2),1 725 kg/hm^(2),1 950 kg/hm^(2))of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco on the yield and quality of K326.【Result】The yield and average single leaf weight of tobacco leaf increased with the increase of N application rate,and the output value of tobacco leaf and the proportion of superior tobacco were the highest under 1 950 kg/hm^(2) treatment.The nicotine content in the middle leaves was in the appropriate range under the treatments of 1 500 kg/hm^(2),1 725 kg/hm^(2) and 1 950 kg/hm^(2),while the nicotine content in CK leaves was higher.The chemical composition coordination of the middle leaves was showed as:1 500 kg/hm^(2) treatment>1 725 kg/hm^(2) treatment>1 950 kg/hm^(2) treatment>CK,and that of the upper leaves was showed as:1 500 kg/hm^(2) treatment>1 950 kg/hm^(2)>1 725 kg/hm^(2) treatment=CK,and the overall composition coordination was the best under 1 500 kg/hm^(2) treatment.The physical properties of the middle leaves ranked as:1 500 kg/hm^(2) treatment>1 950 kg/hm^(2) treatment>1 725kg/hm^(2) treatment>CK and that of the upper leaves ranked as:1 500 kg/hm^(2) treatment=1 725 kg/hm^(2) treatment=1950 kg/hm^(2) treatment>CK.The sensory quality was better under the treatments of 1 500 kg/hm^(2) and 1 725 kg/hm^(2),which showed better aroma quality and sufficient aroma volume,and the irritation of the middle leaves was obviously less.The treatment of 1 725kg/hm^(2) got the highest score in comprehensive evaluation.【Conclusion】In Hezhou tobacco-growing area,the yield and quality of tobacco leaves were better when the application amount of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for K326 fluecured tobacco was about 1 725 kg/hm^(2).