模拟缺氧环境对不同军种飞行人员缺氧耐力相关指标的影响

Effects of simulated hypoxia environment on the indexes of hypoxia endurance of different armed service flying personnel

目的了解不同军种飞行人员在模拟缺氧时的相关生理指标变化,为飞行人员健康保障和训练提供合理建议。方法从在桂林康复疗养中心疗养的疗养员中选取空军、海军、陆军航空兵(简称:陆航)飞行人员共594名为研究对象,按军种分别分为歼击机、运输机、直升机组。对常规模拟缺氧训练3 min后飞行人员血压、心率、布兰奇心功能指数(Blanche heart function index,BI)、动脉血氧饱和度(arterial oxygen saturation,SaO2)的变化进行分析比较。结果模拟缺氧3 min后空军歼击机、直升机以及海军运输机、直升机飞行人员平均BI>200。空军歼击机飞行人员模拟缺氧前BI值、模拟缺氧3 min后收缩压高于海军歼击机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模拟缺氧3 min后,海军直升机飞行人员BI及其增幅均高于陆航直升机飞行人员,SaO2低于空军、陆航直升机飞行人员,SaO2降幅大于空军、陆航直升机飞行人员,舒张压增幅高于陆航直升机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模拟缺氧3 min后,海军直升机飞行人员BI>200的比例高于陆航直升机飞行员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论海军直升机飞行人员健康和缺氧耐力易受飞行环境影响,应针对海军直升机飞行人员的复杂飞行环境采取相应的卫勤保障措施。

Objective To investigate the changes of related physiological indexes of different armed services flying personnel in simulated hypoxia,and to provide reasonable suggestions to the health support and training of flying personnel.Methods Five hundred and ninety-four flying personnel of Air Force,Navy and Army were selected from the recuperator of Guilin Rehabilitation and Recupration Center.They were divided into fighter,transporter and helicopter groups by service.The changes of blood pressure,heart rate,Blanche heart function indexes(BI)as subjects exposed to simulated hypoxia environment for 3 min were analyzed and compared.Results The average BI of the flying personnel in Air Force fighter and helicopter groups and Navy transporter and helicopter groups was greater than 200 as they exposed to simulated hypoxia for 3 min.The BI of the Air Force fighter group before the hypoxia exposure and their systolic blood pressure after the 3-min exposure were significantly higher than those of Navy fighter group(P<0.05).By 3 min simulated hypoxia,the BI and its increase in Navy helicopter group were significantly higher than those of Army helicopter group,the arterial oxygen saturation was significantly lower than that of Air Force and Army helicopter group,the decrease of the arterial oxygen saturation was significantly higher than that of Air Force and Army helicopter group.The increase of diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher than that of Army helicopter group(P<0.05).After simulated hypoxia for 3 min,the proportion of Navy helicopter group whose BI≥200 was statistically higher than that of Army helicopter group(P<0.05).Conclusions The strengthened aeromedical support is suggested to the Navy helicopter flying personnel due to the investigation indicated their health and hypoxia tolerance are susceptible to complex flying environment.