功能动作筛查对飞行员体能训练的指导作用初探

Probes on the guidance role of functional movement screen in the physical training for the pilots

目的通过功能动作筛查(functional movement screen,FMS),分析飞行员身体功能状况,为运动损伤预防和开展体能训练提供依据。方法对22名飞行员进行功能灵活性(主动直膝抬腿、肩部灵活性),功能稳定性(躯干旋转稳定性、躯干稳定性俯卧撑),功能动作(直线弓步蹲、跨栏步、过顶深蹲)测试,比较不同年龄组飞行员FMS总分以及功能动作得分。结果本组飞行员FMS总分为(14.68±1.25)分,36~40岁组得分显著低于26~30岁组(P<0.05)。主动直膝抬腿功能受限;肩部灵活性随年龄的增长呈下降趋势,31~35岁组左右不对称(t=2.401,P<0.05)。躯干旋转稳定性功能受限;躯干稳定俯卧撑得分随年龄增长呈上升趋势。不同年龄组飞行员直线弓步蹲综合得分和过顶深蹲得分差异有统计学意义(F=4.447、5.120,P<0.05);过顶深蹲得分随年龄增长呈下降趋势,36~40岁组得分低于其他年龄组(P<0.05)。结论要重点关注36~40岁组飞行员,科学开展功能灵活性纠正练习和深蹲功能动作模式纠正练习;飞行员应针对性进行功能灵活性纠正练习。

Objective To study and analyze the status of body function through the functional movement screen(FMS)of pilots,so as to provide the basis for sports injury prevention and physical training.Methods Active straight-leg lift and shoulder flexibility were tested for assessing functional flexibility,trunk rotation stability and stability push-up were tested for functional stability as well as straight lunge squat,hurdle step and over top squat were tested for functional movement in 22 pilots.The total score of FMS,comprehensive score and left and right side score of the functional movement were compared among different age groups(26-30 yrs,31-35 yrs and 36-40 yrs).Results The total score of FMS in 22 pilots was(14.68±1.25).The score of 36-40 yrs age group was significantly lower than that of 26-30 yrs group(P<0.05).The function of active straight-leg lift was limited.Shoulder flexibility decreased with age,and the left and right scores of 31-35 yrs group were significantly different(t=2.401,P<0.05).The function of rotation stability was limited and the score of trunk stability push-up increased with age.The comprehensive score of straight lunge squat and left score of over top squat were significantly different in the pilots of 3 age groups(F=4.447,5.120,P<0.05).The score was decreased with age in over top squat test,and the score of 36-40 yrs group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).Conclusions It is suggested to focus on the pilots of 36-40 yrs,and scientifically carry out functional flexibility and squat functional movement mode correction exercise as well as carry out targeted functional flexibility correction exercise for pilots.