高性能战斗机飞行员颈肩腰腿痛情况调查

Investigation of neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain in high performance fighter pilots

目的了解高性能战斗机飞行员颈、肩、腰、腿发病情况,为提升航空卫生保障水平提供依据。方法采用《飞行人员颈肩腰腿痛调查表》,结合询问病史及体格检查对40名高性能战斗机飞行员开展流行病学调查,对颈肩腰腿痛与年龄、飞行时间、BMI、飞行坐姿之间的关系进行Person相关分析。结果收回有效问卷32份,问卷有效率80.0%。本组飞行员颈、肩、腰、腿痛的总发病率为65.6%,且与年龄和飞行时间均成中度正相关(r=0.504~0.615);颈、肩、腰、腿痛的发病率均与BMI均存在强正相关性(r=0.734~0.752);飞行员的坐姿与颈痛的发病率呈现中度正相关(r=0.460)。结论应及早对飞行员颈肩腰腿痛进行预防和治疗,采用多种手段进行干预。应加强防护措施的研究,改进飞行装备的人体工效学设计,优化人体坐姿,以降低歼击机飞行员颈、肩、腰、腿痛的发生率。

Objective To provide references for improving aeromedical support to high performance fighter pilots by the study of investigating the situation of neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain.Methods The epidemiological investigation was carried out in 40 high performance fighter pilots by using the Questionnaire of Neck,Shoulder,Waist and Leg Pain for Flying Personnel,and analyzing their medical history and physical examination results.The Person correlation coefficient between neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain and age,flying hours,BMI and flying posture was calculated respectively.Results Thirty-two valid questionnaires were collected,and the efficiency was 80.0%.The investigation showed that the incidence rate of the in neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain in pilots was 65.6%and moderately positively correlated with the age and flying hours(r=0.504-0.615).The BMI was strongly positively correlated with neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain(r=0.734-0.752),and the sitting posture was moderately positively correlated with the incidence rate of neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain(r=0.460).Conclusions This study suggests that pilots,in neck,shoulder,waist and leg pain should be prevented and treated as early as possible,and multiple measures should be taken.Flight equipment should be improved,such as ergonomic improvement of cockpit and seat,and human sitting posture should be optimized,so as to reduce the pain incidence of neck,shoulder,waist and leg in fighter pilots.