大健康产业全要素生产率测算与影响因素研究——以天津市为例

Research on the Measurement and Influencing Factors of Total Factor Productivity in the Large Health Industry:The Case of Tianjin

本文以天津市2011—2019年大健康上市企业的面板数据为样本,采用DEA-Malmquist指数方法测算企业全要素生产率及其分解效率,通过构建面板数据模型分析大健康产业发展的影响因素.研究发现:大健康企业全要素生产率呈增长趋势,且主要依赖技术进步的拉动,技术效率和技术进步变动呈负向相背离趋势;研发投入、企业年龄、盈利能力有利于促进大健康企业全要素生产率的提升,而企业规模、资产负债率、资本密度对大健康企业全要素生产率则具有抑制作用.因此,应拓宽企业融资渠道,削减小规模生产的落后产能,强化科技人才支撑,形成良好的大健康产业创新发展高地.

Based on the panel data of listed enterprises in Tianjin from 2011 to 2019,this paper calculated the total factor productivity of enterprises and their decomposition efficiency by the DEA-Malmquist index method,and analyzed the influencing factors of the development of the large health industry by constructing a panel data model.The results show that the total factor productivity of large health enterprises is increasing,and it is mainly driven by technological progress;while the change of technological efficiency and technological progress is negatively correlated with each other.Research and development investment,enterprise age,and profitability are beneficial to the improvement of the TFP of large health enterprises,while enterprise size,asset-liability ratio,and capital density have inhibitory effects on the TFP of large health enterprises.Therefore,we should broaden the financing channels of enterprises,reduce the backward capacity of small-scale production,strengthen the support of scientific and technological personnel,and form a good innovation and development highland of the large health industry.