煤矿井下噪声诱发职业健康损害评估方法及应用

Assessment method and application of occupational health damage induced by noise in coal mine

为衡量和提升矿工职业健康水平,根据流行病学基础数据,通过噪声暴露建模,提出煤矿井下噪声暴露诱发的职业健康损害评估方法。利用作业日志获取设备、工作计划和职业群体特征数据,分析噪声暴露水平,选取高度烦恼(HA)、缺血性心脏病(IHD)及噪声性听力损失(NIHL)3类健康效应终端,刻画健康损害风险,进而量化研究健康损害程度和经济价值。结果表明:整体健康损害严重的工作区为采煤区和掘进区,健康损害风险较高的工种为采煤机司机、破碎机司机以及掘进机司机、锚杆支护工及爆破钻眼工等。通过总健康损害价值和人均健康损害价值可确定针对性管控措施。

To measure and improve the occupational health level of miners,according to the basic epidemiological data,the occupational health damage assessment method induced by noise exposure in coal mine was proposed through noise exposure modeling.Equipment,work plan and occupational group characteristics data were obtained by using operating log,and the noise exposure level was analyzed.Three types of health effect terminals,high annoyance(HA),ischemic heart disease(IHD),and noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL),were selected to characterize the risk of health damage,and then quantify the degree of health damage and economic value.The results show that the working areas with serious overall health damage are coal mining areas and digging areas.The types of jobs with high risk of health damage are shearer drivers,crusher drivers and boring machine drivers,bolt support workers and blasting drilling workers.Targeted control measures can be determined through total health damage value and per capita health damage value.