一次性置入永久基台对美学区种植周围组织影响的应用研究

Effect of one abutment one-time implantation on tissue around implant in aesthetic area

目的:研究在种植体植入时置入永久修复基台且对美学区种植周围组织的影响。方法:选取本院修复科就诊的单颗前牙牙列缺损患者20例,随机分为永久基台组(n=10)与临时基台组(n=10),均采用Ankylos种植系统植入适宜的种植体,种植体植入后均使用临时冠进行过渡性修复。种植体植入后6个月,永久基台组制取模型全瓷冠修复,临时基台组制取模型后更换为永久基台后全瓷冠修复。分别在全瓷冠戴入当日及全瓷冠修复后6个月测量两组种植体近远中牙槽骨高度变化,红色美学(PES)评分,探诊深度(PD)及探诊出血(BOP)指数。在全瓷冠修复后6个月调查患者对修复后的满意度。结果:永久基台组与临时基台组相比,在临时冠修复期间牙槽骨吸收量未显示出明显差异。全瓷冠修复后6个月,永久基台组种植体近远中平均牙槽骨吸收量较临时基台组少,但差异仍无统计学意义。比较PES平均分值,患者满意度,探诊深度及探诊出血指数永久基台组较临时基台组更优。结论:前牙早期种植时一次性置入永久基台可维持较多种植体周围的骨组织,短期内美学修复效果更佳,且患者满意度较高。

Objective:To study the effect of permanent prosthetic abutment placed at the time of implant placement and never removed on the aesthetic outcome of peri-implant tissues in the aesthetic area.Methods:Twenty patients with single anterior dentition defects who visited the Department of Prosthodontics of our hospital were randomly divided into permanent abutment group(n=10)and temporary abutment group(n=10).Both groups were treated with Ankylos implant system for appropriate implant placement,and temporary crowns were used for transitional restoration after implant placement.Six months after implantation,the permanent abutment group made the model of all-ceramic crown restoration,and the temporary abutment group made the model and replaced it with the permanent abutment.The changes of mesiodistal alveolar bone height,pink esthetics score(PES),probing depth(PD)and bleed on probing(BOP)were measured on the day of all-ceramic crown insertion and 6 months after all-ceramic crown restoration in both groups.Patient satisfaction with the restoration was investigated 6 months after restoration with all-ceramic crowns.Results:The permanent abutment group showed no significant difference in the amount of alveolar bone resorption during provisional crown restoration compared with the provisional abutment group.The mesiodistal mean alveolar bone resorption of permanent abutment implants was less than that of temporary abutment group at 6 months after all-ceramic crown restoration,but the difference was still not statistically significant.The mean PES score,patient satisfaction,probing depth and bleed on probing index were better in the permanent abutment temporary abutment group.Conclusion:One-time permanent abutment placement during early implantation of anterior teeth will maintain more peri-implant bone tissue,obtain more esthetic restorative effect in a short period of time,and have higher patient satisfaction.