从“文本”到“实施”:我国大学章程的实践路向

From "Text " to "Operation " :the Operative Path of Universities’ Statute

大学章程是高等学校依法自主办学、实施管理和履行公共职能的基本准则,是推进大学治理体系和治理能力现代化的载体,具有法的约束和行为规范的价值。大学章程在上位法的语境下具有权威性和合法性,有效实施是大学章程运行的价值意蕴。学术本质理念的消散、权力惯性的存在、利益相关主体参与的缺席、章程文本的模板化和空泛化是大学章程运行和实施不畅的原因。从文本走向实施,是大学章程的实践路向和生命力所在。作为规制性、规范性规则的存在是大学章程实施的制度转向,从“单一治理”到“共同治理”是大学章程实施的治理转向,从文本内容的“原则性陈述”到“可操作性”是大学章程实施的行动转向。

University statutes are the basic principles to run schools independently,to implement management and to perform public functions by law for universities are the carrier of promoting the modernization of university governance system and governance capacity,and have the value of legal constraints and behavioral norms.University statutes belong to authoritative and legitimate in the context of superior law.Effective implementation is the value implication of the operation of university statutes.The dissipation of academic essence,the existence of power inertia,the absence of stakeholder participation,and the template and generalization of statute texts are the reasons for the poor operation and implementation of university statutes.From text to implementation is the practical path and vitality.As an existence of regulatory and normative rules is the institutional turn,from single governance to common governance is the governance shift and enhancement of the operability of statute texts is the practical path of university statutes.