肥桃品质提升“三增三控一适”技术试验

Technical experiment of“three increases,three controls and timely harvest”for improving the quality of Feicheng peach

对肥桃进行“三增三控一适”技术试验表明,“三增”为增施有机肥、增施钾肥和增加光照。增施有机肥以每株施益生菌腐熟发酵大豆15 kg效果优于施“地三好”有机肥20 kg、圈肥40 kg;增施钾肥以施高钾型N、P、K含量为13-5-32肥效果优于施平衡型钾肥21-21-21肥的和不施钾肥的;增加光照以三主枝挺身形小开张角度25~30°树的效果优于三主枝开心形大开张角度50~60°树和三主枝开心形较大开张角度65~75°树。“三控”为控氮、控水、控留果量。以7月以后控氮控水每株留果200个增加果实品质的效果优于控氮控水每株留果240个的和施氮肥浇水每株留果200个的。“一适”为适期采收。以90%成熟度的果实品质最高,优于过早、过晚采收的果实,以9月3日采收鲜食品质最佳,长途运输宜提前2~3 d即8月30日采收。

The experiment of“three increases,three controls and timely harvest”technology on Feicheng peach showed that the effect of applying 15 kg probiotics fermented soybean per plant on increasing fruit weight and improving fruit quality was better than that of applying 20 kg of“Disanhao”organic fertilizer and 40 kg of ring fertilizer.The effect of increasing the application of potassium fertilizer with N,P,K content of 13-5-32 was better than that of balanced potassium fertilizer with N,P,K content of 21-21-21 and no potassium fertilizer.The effect of increasing light on improving fruit quality of trees with small opening angle of 25~30°in the shape of three main branches was better than that of trees with large opening angle of 50~60°in the shape of three main branches and 65~75°in the shape of three main branches.After July,the fruit quality of controlling nitrogen and water to retain 200 fruits per plant was better than that of controlling nitrogen and water to retain 240 fruits per plant and watering with nitrogen to retain 200 fruits per plant.The fruit with a maturity of 90% had the highest quality,which was better than the fruits harvested too early or too late.The fresh food quality was the best when harvested on September 3.It was better to harvest 2~3 days in advance,that is August 30 in Feicheng for long-distance transportation.