水溶性酚醛树脂及包覆方法对RDX热分解的影响

Effect of Water Soluble Phenolic Resin and Encapsulation Method on Thermal Decomposition of RDX

为了探索水溶性酚醛树脂(WSPR)适用于聚合物黏结炸药(PBX)黏结剂的可能性,首先采用研磨法、水悬浮法、溶于丙酮后水析出法和溶于丙酮后直接干燥法处理纯RDX;然后通过6种包覆方法(干法研磨、湿法研磨、直接法、水悬浮法、均相相溶法、溶剂-非溶剂法)使WSPR与RDX混合,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪和热重测试仪研究包覆方法和WSPR对RDX形貌结构以及热稳定性的影响。结果表明,包覆方法只改变RDX粒径,不改变晶体结构和热解过程;PBX粒径减小,WSPR成功包覆RDX的同时没有改变其晶体结构;热解峰温和热重曲线表明,WSPR随不同包覆方法促进或抑制RDX的热解过程:经干法研磨、湿法研磨得到的PBX热解峰温减小10~15℃,经溶剂-非溶剂法得到的PBX热解峰温减小1~3℃,均促进了RDX的热解;经直接法和均相相溶法得到的PBX热解峰温分别减小1~3℃和2~6℃,均抑制了RDX的热解;水悬浮法则可通过WSPR溶液稀释程度来抑制或促进RDX的热解。因此WSPR可在PBX中用作黏结剂。

In order to explore the possibility of water-soluble phenolic resin(WSPR)applied to be as binders for polymer bonded explosives(PBX),pure RDX was first treated by grinding,water suspension,water precipitation after dissolved in acetone and direct drying after dissolution in acetone,and then WSPR and RDX were mixed by six coating methods(dry grinding,wet grinding,direct method,water suspension method,homogeneous phase dissolution method and solvent-nonsolvent method).The effects of coating methods and WSPR on the morphology,structure and pyrolysis were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetry(TG)respectivlely.The results show that coating methods only changed the particle size of RDX without changing the crystal structure and pyrolysis process.The particle size of PBX decreased,and WSPR successfully coated RDX without changing crystal structure.The pyrolysis peak temperature and thermogravimetric curve showed that WSPR promoted or inhibited the pyrolysis of RDX with different coating methods:the pyrolysis peak temperature of PBX obtained by dry grinding and wet grinding decreased by 10—15℃,and the pyrolysis peak temperature of PBX obtained by solvent-nonsolvent method decreased by 1—3℃,which promoted the pyrolysis of RDX.The pyrolysis peak temperatures of PBX obtained by direct method and homogeneous phase dissolution method decreased by 1—3℃and 2—6℃,respectively,which inhibited the pyrolysis of RDX.The water suspension method can inhibit or promote the pyrolysis of RDX by the dilution degree of WSPR solution.Therefore,WSPR can be used as binder in PBX.