液态CO_(2)相变爆炸激发药剂安全性的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Safety of Liquid CO_(2)Phase Change Explosive Excitant

为了测试新研制的CO_(2)相变爆炸激发药剂的安全性,依据GJB5891.22-2006火工品药剂试验方法的第二十二部分“机械撞击感度试验”和第二十四部分“摩擦感度试验”方法,对其进行了撞击感度和摩擦感度测试,按照《危险货物运输爆炸品的认可和分项试验方法》,开展了12m跌落试验、75℃热稳定性试验和外部火烧试验。结果表明,在1.2kg钢锤、500mm落高条件下,25发撞击感度试验爆炸概率为0;在1.5kg钢锤、摆角100°、表压2.45MPa条件下,25发摩擦感度试验爆炸概率为0;12m跌落试验和75℃热稳定性试验中激发药剂试样均未出现燃烧或爆炸现象,75℃热稳定性试验结束时激发药剂的温度仅比试验温度75℃高出0.5℃,表明激发药剂为热稳定性物质;外部火烧试验结果表明,144kg激发药剂在露天敞开的条件下,仅用1min左右时间就燃烧完全,但未发生爆炸,也没有危险的迸射物射出。各试验结果均表明,激发药剂的危险感度低、安全性好,其原因在于激发药剂组分中C_(2)H_(8)N_(2)O_(4)对燃烧反应具有一定的抑制作用,精确控制其含量,可使激发药剂具有良好的燃烧性能和较高的安全性。

To study the safety of the newly developed CO_(2)phase-change explosive excitant,the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity tests were carried out according to“test method of loading material for initiating explosive devices”,and the twelve-meter drop test,75℃thermal stability test,and external fire test were carried out according to“transport of dangerous goods—test method of acceptance and classification for explosives”.The results show that the impact sensitivity is 0 under the condition of a 1.2kg steel hammer and 500mm drop height.The friction sensitivity is also 0 under the condition of a 1.5kg steel hammer,100°swing angle,and 2.45MPa gauge pressure.The excitant does not burn or explode during the thermal stability test at 75℃and the twelve-meter drop test.At the end of the thermal stability test,the temperature of the excitant is only 0.5℃higher than the test temperature of 75℃,which indicates that the excitant is a thermally stable substance.The external fire test result shows that 144kg of the excitant burns out in about 1 minute in the open air without explosion and dangerous projectiles.All the results show that the excitant has low sensitivity and excellent safety for the C_(2)H_(8)N_(2)O_(4) in the excitant has an inhibitory effect on the combustion reaction.As long as the C_(2)H_(8)N_(2)O_(4) content is precisely controlled,the excitant can exhibit excellent combustion performance and high safety.