磁流体动力学角速度传感器的温度特性分析

Temperature Characteristic Analysis of Angular Rate Sensor Based on Magneto Hydrodynamics

磁流体动力学角速度传感器基于磁流体动力学效应工作,导电流体置于旋转的磁场环境,切割磁感线产生感应电势。环境温度变化,会影响导电流体的黏度、电导率及磁通密度进而改变导电流体的响应状态,从而影响传感器的输出。文中从理论上分析了温度对传感器关键部件的影响,并利用MAXWELL及FLUENT进行耦合仿真,通过温度实验加以验证。结果表明:低频时导电流体的正温度效应小于永磁回路的负温度效应;中高频时,影响MHD角速度传感器表头温度稳定性的主导因素为永磁回路的负温度效应,为减小传感器温度漂移并进行结构优化设计提供依据。

Magneto hydrodynamics(MHD)angular rate sensor works based on the magneto hydrodynamic effect,where the conducting fluid is placed in the rotating magnetic field environment and cuts through magnetic induction lines to generate the in⁃duced potential.Change in ambient temperature affects viscosity,conductivity and magnetic flux density of the conducting fluid,and then response state of the conducting fluid changes,thus affecting output of the sensor.The influence of temperature on the key components of the sensor was analyzed theoretically,it was simulated by MAXWELL and FLUENT software and verified by temperature test.The results show that the positive temperature effect of conducting fluid is smaller than the negative temperature effect of permanent magnet loop at low frequency.At medium and high frequency,the dominant factor affecting the temperature stability of the MHD angular rate sensor head is the negative temperature effect of permanent magnet loop,which provides a basis for reducing the temperature drift of the sensor and optimizing the structure design.