考虑服务能力和削峰任务约束的换电站削峰方法

Peak-shaving Method for Battery Swap Station Considering Service Capacity and Peak-shaving Task Constraints

针对中大型换电站接入10 kV配电馈线造成的重载问题,提出考虑换电站服务能力约束和削峰任务约束的换电站削峰方法。首先,综合考虑各时段用户换电池需求和可换电池数量变化对换电站服务能力的影响,提出换电站的服务能力裕度的概念,并提出服务能力裕度约束。其次,提出削峰任务完成度来衡量换电站削峰量与削峰任务的匹配程度,基于此建立奖罚机制来进行削峰补贴电价调节,作为换电站的削峰任务约束。再次,结合换电站的削峰补贴和可节省充电成本建立换电站优化目标。然后,将换电站电池充电计划优化问题转化为一个具有不等式约束的静态整数非线性优化问题,提出基于粒子群算法的换电站运行优化方法和流程。最后,通过仿真分析验证了方法的有效性。

Aiming at the heavy load problems caused by medium and large battery swap stations connected to 10 kV distribution feeders,this paper proposes a peak-shaving method for the swap station considering the constraints of the service capacity and the peak-shaving task of the swap station.Firstly,considering the impact of the change in the users'demand for battery replacement and the number of spare batteries at each time period on the service capacity of the swap station comprehensively,the concept of service capacity margin of the swap station is proposed,and the service capacity margin constraint is set up.Secondly,the completion degree of the peak-shaving task measuring the matching between the peak-shaving volume and the peak-shaving task of the swap station is put forward,based on which a reward and penalty mechanism is established to adjust the peak-shaving subsidy as the peak-shaving task constraint of the swap station.Furthermore,combining the peak-shaving subsidy and the avoidable charging costs,the optimization objective of the swap station operation strategy is established.Then,the optimization problem of the battery charging plan of the swap station is transformed into a static integer nonlinear optimization problem with inequality constraints,and the optimization method and process for the operation of the swap station based on the particle swarm optimization are proposed.Finally,the effectiveness of the method is verified by simulation analysis.