硫酸软骨素的生物活性及其构效关系研究进展

Research progress on biological activity and structure-activity relationship of chondroitin sulfate

随着人们生活水平的提高,对健康意识的逐渐增强,具有特殊生理功能的活性多糖—硫酸软骨素的研究成为了一个热点。根据结构的差异,硫酸软骨素可分为软骨素直链多糖、岩藻糖基化硫酸软骨素、硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖3种。研究表明,软骨素具有多种生理活性,如抗关节炎、抗肿瘤癌症、抗凝血等。相比于化学合成药物,其具有生物相容性高、降解性好、毒副作用小等优点。因此,对于研究者们而言,进行硫酸软骨素的生物活性、结构与功能关系的全面和系统性概括很有必要。本文总结了近年来关于3类硫酸软骨素的结构组成、生理功能、作用机制及构效关系等的研究,并展望其未来发展方向与趋势,以期为硫酸软骨素生理药理活性的深入探索、工业化生产及应用提供理论依据和参考价值。

With the improvement of people’s living standards and the gradual enhancement of health awareness,the research of chondroitin sulfates, a class of active polysaccharides with special physiological functions, has become a hot issue. According to the structural differences, chondroitin sulfates can be divided into 3 kinds including chondroitin straight chain polysaccharides, fucosylated chondroitin sulfates and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans.Studies have shown that chondroitin sulfates possess various physiological activities, such as anti-arthritis,anti-tumor, anti-cancer, anti-coagulant and so on. Compared with chemical synthetic drugs, they have the advantages of high biocompatibility, good degradability as well as less toxic and side effects. Therefore, it is necessary for researchers to make a comprehensive and systematic conclusion about their biological activities, structures and functions. This paper summarized the structural compositions, physiological functions, mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships of 3 kinds of chondroitin sulfates in recent years, and looked forward to their future development directions and trends in order to provide theoretical basis and reference value for chondroitin sulfates’ in-depth researches, industrial production and applications in terms of physiological and pharmacological activities.