物理场加工中细菌活的非可培养状态相关研究进展

Research progress on viable but non-culturable state of bacteria in physical field processing

物理场加工技术是一类使用加热、加压和辐射等物理学方法的技术,其中热加工、超声波、超高压和紫外辐照等技术已被广泛应用于食品加工。近年来多个报道显示,在物理场加工中细菌可进入活的非可培养(viable but non-culturable,VBNC)状态。VBNC状态指微生物为了适应逆境而进入的一种特殊休眠状态,在合适条件下能复苏,甚至可能依然保持致病能力,这提示我们应该对物理场加工食品的微生物安全予以高度重视。本文主要综述了物理场加工中食源性致病菌和腐败菌VBNC状态的研究进展,并从共性机制的角度出发分析其形成原因,为更好的应用物理场加工技术并保障食品安全提供新思路和新方向。

Objective To study the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of apple pomace polysaccharides(AP)on diabetic SD rats induced by streptozotocin(STZ).Methods The effects of AP onα-glucosidase andα-amylase inhibitory were conducted to study its hypoglycemic effect in vitro.Different doses of AP were used to treat STZ induced diabetic mice.The body weight,food and water intake,liver and skeletal muscle glycogen content and blood lipid level were determined.Results After orally administrated with 800 mg/kg AP for 6 weeks,the food and water intake and the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin in blood for the diabetic rats were drastically decreased,while the content of liver and skeletal muscle glycogen and the concentrations of hepatic pyruvate kinase and hexokinase were obviously increased(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-C)were significantly descended,while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)was significantly ascended(P<0.01 or P<0.05).In addition,it could improve the level of oxidative stress in diabetes rats.Conclusion AP has obvious hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects on diabetes SD rats.It can be used as a functional food component for the adjuvant treatment of diabetes.