食品基质中微纳米塑料分离提取及质谱表征的研究进展

Research progress in micro/nanoplastics separation,extraction in food substrates and characterization by mass spectrometry

微纳米塑料(micro/nanoplastics,MNPs)是广泛存在的污染物。微小的粒径使其极易通过食物链富集于人体,对人类健康造成潜在威胁。针对食品中微纳米塑料的高效、高灵敏度分离及表征方法是目前食品安全、分析化学等领域的研究热点。本文分析总结了从食品基质中分离提取微纳米塑料方法(密度浮选、膜分离、化学消解),并对不同质谱(mass spectrometry,MS)技术(热分析耦合质谱法、单颗粒电感耦合等离子质谱法、飞行时间二次离子质谱法、基质辅助激光解吸离子化质谱法、电喷雾质谱法)表征微纳米塑料的优势及局限性展开了系统的综述,旨在为食品基质中微纳米塑料高效表征的深入研究和食品质量与安全控制提供技术参考。

Micro/nanoplastics(MNPs)are widespread pollutants.The tiny particle size can be enriched in human body easily through the food chain,potentially causing harm to the human health.The efficient and high-sensitive separation and characterization of MNPs in food is a hot research topic in the fields of food safety,analytical chemistry and so on.This article analyzed and summarized the separation and extraction methods of MNPs from food substrates(density flotation,membrane separation and chemical digestion)and reviewed systematically the advantages and limitations of MNPs characterization by different mass spectrometry(MS)techniques(thermal coupling MS analysis,single particle inductively coupled plasma MS,time-of-flight secondary ion MS,matrix assisted laser desorption ionization MS and electrospray ionization MS),aims to provide technical reference for the in-depth study of efficient characterization of MNPs in food matrix and the control of food quality and safety.