基于径向常温通风仓囤的花生荚果干燥试验研究

Experimental study on the drying of peanut pods based on radial ambient ventilated warehouse hoard

目的 了解径向常温通风仓囤花生干燥特点及作业性能。方法 使用不同功率(4、2.2 kW)离心风机与不同容量(3.8、2.25 m^(3))圆筒仓体组合的径向常温通风仓囤对湿花生荚果进行干燥,并对比分析不同组合模式间花生荚果的水分变化及能耗,以此来判断干燥设备的性能。结果 阴雨天气条件下,使用2.2 kW离心风机与3个容量为2.25 m^(3)圆筒仓体的径向常温通风仓囤组合可有效干燥湿花生荚果,同时干燥单位质量花生荚果所需能耗较小,为5.02×10^(5)~5.43×10^(5)J/kg,是最优组合;在干燥过程中,沿通风方向介质空气温度逐渐降低、相对湿度增大,从而导致外层物料的干燥起始时间较内层晚,同时风量是影响干燥速率的主要因素,风量越大,干燥速率越快。结论 2.2 kW离心风机与3个容量为2.25 m^(3)圆筒仓体的径向常温通风仓囤组合为最优选择,此干燥设备操作简便、投资小、干燥效果良好,可为今后花生荚果干燥的发展提供借鉴。

Objective To understand the drying characteristics and operational performance of peanuts in radial atmospheric ventilated bin hoarding. Methods A radial atmospheric ventilated bin hoard with different power(4,2.2 kW) centrifugal fans and different capacity(3.8, 2.25 m^(3)) cylindrical bin combinations was used for atmospheric ventilated drying of wet peanut pods, and the moisture changes of the peanut pods between the different combinations and the energy consumption of the different combinations were analyzed and compared in order to determine the drying performance of the drying equipment. Results A combination of a 2.2 kW centrifugal fan and 3 radially ventilated silo hoards with a capacity of 2.25 m^(3) cylindrical silo bodies could effectively dry wet peanut pods under rainy weather conditions with minimal energy consumption per unit volume of peanut pods, 5.02×10^(5)-5.43×10^(5) J/kg,which was the optimal combination;in the drying process, the medium air temperature gradually decreased and the relative humidity increased along the ventilation direction, thus leading to a later drying start time for the outer layer of material than the inner layer, at the same time, the air volume was the main factor affecting the drying rate, and the larger the air volume, the faster the drying rate. Conclusion The combination of a 2.2 kW centrifugal fan and 3 radially ventilated silo hoards with a capacity of 2.25 m^(3) cylindrical silo bodies is the optimal choice, this drying equipment is easy to operate, with small investment and good drying results, and can provide a reference for the future development of peanut pods drying.