进口竞争对本土企业创新的影响效应——供给、需求双视角的机制研究

The Impact of Import Competition on Domestic Innovation——From the Perspective of Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand

本文从供给和需求两个视角实证分析了地区进口竞争对当地企业创新活动的影响效应及作用机理。理论分析认为:供给层面,进口竞争可以通过提高地区人力资本积累和地区中间品投入质量来提升企业的创新产出;需求侧方面,随着地区进口竞争的加剧,地区市场的消费规模和消费结构会随之扩大和改善,消费规模的扩大为企业创新提供了有效的市场补偿,而消费结构的升级则进一步强化了企业的创新意愿。随后,本文利用Bartik工具变量方法构建地区层面进口竞争指标,并用专利申请数量对企业创新产出展开实证考察。研究发现,地区进口竞争显著地提高了企业的创新产出,其实现路径是提高人力资本积累和中间品投入质量、扩大消费规模和改善消费结构。

This paper theoretically analyzes and empirically investigates the impact and the mechanism of regional import competition on domestic innovation based on the perspective of aggregate supply and aggregate demand.From the supply side,import competition can stimulate enterprises to increase innovation input by improving regional human capital accumulation and intermediates quality;From the demand side,with the improvement of regional import competition,the consumption scale and consumption structure of regional market will be expanded and improved.The expansion of consumption scale provides effective market compensation for local enterprise innovation,and the upgrading of consumption structure further strengthens the innovation intention of enterprises.Using“Bartik”method to construct the regional import competition index,we document a robust,positive impact of rising regional import competition on firm-level patent production in the long run.The realization path is to improve the accumulation of human capital and thequality of intermediate goods input,The realization path is to improve the accumulation of human capital and thequality of intermediate goods input,expand the scale of consumption and improve the consumption structure.