“社会-生态系统”视角下森林生态治理研究综述

Review on Forest Ecological Management from the Perspective of "Social-ecological System"

森林生态治理体系的完善是森林生态资源保护与利用的重要条件。森林资源和社会经济协调发展的经验性探索一直受到多学科领域众多专家的关注,丰硕的研究成果对实现森林资源优化、国土绿化和生态文明建设等各项工作的推进具有重要的价值。然而由于森林系统的特殊性及复杂性,森林资源的可持续供给与日益增长的社会需求之间的矛盾依旧存在,森林治理与林业发展的任务仍然艰巨。在经济社会发展全面绿色转型背景下,梳理与总结森林生态治理的研究,对未来实现森林可持续经营、将“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念付诸实践具有一定的理论和现实指导意义。文章将从森林生态治理的概念及演化出发,总结相关理论支撑与方法体系,从“社会-生态系统”视角下梳理森林治理在行动主体、政策制度及效益评估等方面研究成果,发现当前森林生态治理文献在研究内容上尚存在盲点和不足之处。基于当前局限提出未来在治理主体方面的研究应逐渐向主体间的互动机制转变,注重治理理论在实践中的适用性交融、本土化提升,强化森林生态产品价值实现形式探索,进一步丰富森林政策与地方制度关系的研究,建立现代森林治理效益的综合评估框架等建议。

The improvement of forest ecological management system is an important condition for the protection and utilization of forest ecological resources. The empirical exploration of coordinated development of forest resources and social economy has been concerned by many experts in multi-disciplinary fields, the abundant research results are of great value to the improvement of forest resources, land greening and ecological civilization construction. However, because of the particularity and complexity of forest system, the contradiction between the sustainable supply of forest resources and the increasing social demand still exists, the task of forest management and forestry development is still arduous. In the context of the overall green transformation of economic and social development, to deepen the understanding and summary of forest ecological governance issues, and achieve sustainable forest management, it is of theoretical and practical significance to put into practice the idea of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets". This article will start from the concept and evolution of forest ecological governance, combine the related theory support and method system, from the perspective of "Social-ecological system", reviews the research achievements of forest management in the fields of action subject, policy system and benefit evaluation, governance involves a large number of subjects, complex interests, research topics have a problem and hot-spot-oriented.In the future, the research on the subject of governance should gradually change to the interactive mechanism among the subjects, pay attention to the integration and localization of the applicability of governance theory in practice, enrich the study of the relationship between forest property rights policy and resources change, strengthen the exploration of realizing forms of forest ecological product value, enrich the research on the relationship between formal forest policy and informal institution,establish a comprehensive evaluation framework of the benefits of modern forest governance.