天津市互联网从业人员职业紧张与自评焦虑和抑郁关系的调查

Investigation on relationship between occupational stress and self-rating anxiety,depression among internet employees in Tianjin

目的调查互联网从业人员自评焦虑、抑郁和职业紧张状况,分析职业紧张的影响因素及与自评焦虑和抑郁的关系,为改善和提高互联网从业人员心理健康水平、提高工作积极性和提升企业竞争力提供依据。方法2019年5—7月,采用横断面调查方法,分层随机抽取31家互联网企业1015名互联网从业人员,应用付出-回报失衡模型量表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对其职业紧张、自评焦虑和抑郁症状水平进行调查,采用相关分析分析职业紧张和自评焦虑和抑郁的关系,采用多元分层回归分析自评焦虑和抑郁的影响因素。结果互联网从业人员自评焦虑和自评抑郁总得分为(56.76±14.62)和(25.41±11.21)分,检出率为76.0%和76.1%;偏相关分析显示,互联网从业人员职业紧张与自评焦虑和抑郁均呈正相关(均P<0.05);多元分层回归分析显示,在控制了人口学特征和工作状况后,职业紧张的付出-回报失衡(effort-reward imbalance,ERI)和内在投入显著正向预测自评焦虑和抑郁。结论互联网从业人员的自评焦虑和抑郁水平较高,心理健康状况不容乐观。企业管理者应采取必要措施缓解职业紧张度,制定心理干预策略,尽早发现和预防职业紧张对心理健康的损害。

Objective To investigate the self-rating anxiety,depression and occupational stress of employees in internet enterprises,analyze the influencing factors of occupational stress and its relationship with self-rating anxiety and depression,and provide basis for improving their mental health,work enthusiasm and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to randomly and hierarchically select 1015 internet employees from 31 internet enterprises from May to July 2019.Their occupational stress,and self-rating anxiety and depression symptom level were investigated by the pay-reward imbalance questionnaires,self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale.The correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between occupational stress and self-rated anxiety and depression.Multiple stratified regression was used to analyze the factors influencing self-rating anxiety and depression.Results The total scores of self-rating anxiety and self-rating depression among internet employees were(56.76±14.62)and(25.41±11.21)points respectively,and the detection rate was 76.0%and 76.1%respectively.The partial correlation analysis showed that the occupational stress of internet employees was positively correlated with self-rating anxiety and depression(all P<0.05).Multiple hierarchical regression analysis showed that the effortreward imbalance(ERI)and intrinsic input of occupational stress significantly positively predicted self-rating anxiety and depression after controlling for demographic characteristics and job status.Conclusions The self-rating anxiety and depression level of internet employees is high,and their mental health is not optimistic.The enterprise managers should take necessary measures to relieve occupational stress,formulate psychological intervention strategies,and detect and prevent the damage of occupational stress to mental health as soon as possible.