湖南省事实无人抚养儿童睡眠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on sleep status and influencing factors among de facto unattended children in Hunan Province

目的调查事实孤儿睡眠现状,分析影响其睡眠质量的主要因素。方法2020年8—10月对湖南省324名儿童(事实孤儿158名、非事实孤儿166名)进行调查,采用一般资料问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、中文版青少年睡眠卫生习惯量表、流调中心抑郁量表和艾森克人格问卷收集相关数据,并对数据进行分析。结果事实孤儿睡眠质量总分为(7.37±5.73)分,各非事实孤儿睡眠质量总分为(15.73±2.92)分,维度(除睡眠效率)得分明显高于非事实孤儿,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。事实孤儿睡眠障碍检出率高达42.41%(67/158)。单因素分析显示,女生、非独生子女、由外(祖)父母照护、高神经质、抑郁及睡眠卫生差的事实孤儿睡眠障碍发生率(68.66%、64.18%、38.81%、58.21%、80.60%和89.55%)明显高于非事实孤儿,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,事实孤儿睡眠障碍的主要危险因素为中度及高神经质和抑郁(OR=4.061、9.784、5.210)。结论事实孤儿睡眠现状不容乐观,中间型、高神经质和抑郁情绪是导致事实孤儿睡眠障碍的危险因素,也是未来进行计划性干预的重点所在。

Objective To investigate the sleep status of de facto orphans,analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality.Methods A total of 324 children(158 de facto orphans and 166 non-de facto orphans)in Hunan Province were investigated from August to October in 2020.The general data questionnaire,Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale,modified Chinese version of the adolescent sleep hygiene scale,center for epidemiological studies depression scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire were used to collect relevant data,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of sleep quality of de facto orphans was(7.37±5.73)points,while that of non-de facto orphans was(15.73±2.92)points,the scores of each dimension(except sleep efficiency)of de facto orphans were higher than those of non-de facto orphans,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The prevalence of sleep disorders in de facto orphans was as high as 42.41%(67/158).Univariate analysis showed that the incidence rates of sleep disorders in de facto orphans of girls,non-only child,being cared by grandparents,high neuroticism,depression and poor sleep hygiene(68.66%,64.18%,38.81%,58.21%,80.60%and 89.55%)were higher than those of non-de facto orphans,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis showed that main risk factors of sleep disorder in de facto orphans were moderate and high neuroticism and depression(OR=4.061,9.784,5.210).Conclusion The sleep status of de facto orphans is not optimistic,and moderate and high neuroticism and depression are the risk factors of de facto orphans’sleep disorder,which are also the focus of planned intervention in the future.