淫羊藿抗肝癌活性成分及作用机制研究进展

Active Constituents and Mechanism of Epimedii Folium Against Liver Cancer:A Review

肝癌是世界范围内的恶性肿瘤,发病率逐年上升,预后差且尚无有效治疗药物。淫羊藿用药历史悠久,临床可用于肝癌的治疗。现代研究表明,淫羊藿素、淫羊藿苷、宝藿苷Ⅰ和朝藿定C等C-8位异戊烯基取代的黄酮醇及其苷类成分,以及淫羊藿多糖(EPS)具有良好的抗肝癌活性,是淫羊藿抗肝癌的主要活性成分。淫羊藿中黄酮类成分可以通过抑制肝癌细胞增殖、促进肝癌细胞凋亡、改善肿瘤免疫抑制微环境、抑制肝癌细胞免疫逃逸、抑制肝癌细胞侵袭和迁移、逆转肝癌细胞耐药性、抑制肝癌起始细胞干性特征、调节免疫系统功能等多种机制发挥抗肝癌作用;EPS则主要通过调节机体免疫而发挥抗肝癌作用。淫羊藿通过多成分、多靶点、多途径共同发挥抗肝癌作用,是具有较高研究价值的抗肝癌药物,但相关方面的综合分析尚有欠缺。基于此,笔者对淫羊藿抗肝癌的活性成分及作用机制进行了梳理。此外,经过文献梳理发现,目前淫羊藿抗肝癌的研究集中在几个单体成分,并且从整体上阐释淫羊藿抗肝癌活性成分及作用机制的研究不足,笔者针对这些问题提出了相应建议,以期为淫羊藿抗肝癌物质基础研究及其临床应用、合理开发提供参考。

Liver cancer is a worldwide malignant tumor with an increasing incidence by years.At present,it is facing the predicament of poor prognosis and lack of effective therapeutic drugs.Epimedii Folium is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with a long history,and exiting clinical and pharmacological studies show that it can be used in clinical treatment of liver cancer.According to reports,Epimedii Folium polysaccharides(EPS),C-8-isopentenyl substituted flavonoids and their glycosides(icaritin,icariin,baohuoside Ⅰ,epimedin C)have good anti-liver cancer activity.They are the main active ingredients of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer.The data which comes from in vitro and in vivo studies suggests flavonoids in Epimedii Folium demonstrate anti-liver cancer activity through various mechanisms,including inhibiting hepatoma cells proliferation,promoting hepatoma cells apoptosis,improving tumor immunosuppression microenvironment,inhibiting hepatoma cells immune escape,invasion and migration,reversing hepatoma cells resistance,suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma initiation cells and regulating the immunity of the body.While EPS play an anti-hepatocellular carcinoma role mainly through the regulation of immunity.Epimedii Folium exerts good anti-liver cancer effects with multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways,which makes it a valuable anti-liver cancer drug.However,the comprehensive analysis of related aspects is still lacking.Therefore,this study briefly reviewed the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma active ingredients of Epimedii Folium and their mechanisms.In addition,in the process of literature review,it was found that the anti-liver cancer studies of Epimedii Folium mainly focused on a few components and the studies elucidating the active constituents and mechanism of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer on the whole level were insufficient.Based on these questions,the study also proposed corresponding suggestion to provide reference for the further study of substance basis,clinical application and rational development of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer.