法国义务教育学生综合素质评价研究

The Research on Evaluating Students’ Comprehensive Quality of the Compulsory Education Stage in France

学生综合素质评价是全面实施素质教育、促进学生全面发展以及推动新时代育人方式和评价系统综合改革的关键。本研究以法国义务教育学生综合素质评价为研究对象,将其建立与发展过程中渗透的政策文本进行归纳梳理。研究发现:法国义务教育学生综合素质评价已形成包括核心素养、日常表现和终期测试在内的三位一体的框架体系。评价主体呈现多元化主体结构,即学生、教师为一体的校内评估与由家长、教育专家组建的校外监督相结合。在这种“内外结合”的监督机制下,评价过程分学期评估学生的日常学习状态、分学年评估学生发展核心素养、分学段评估学生的学科知识和能力,并以国家监控教育的应用程序为支撑将评价结果予以落实。此外,法国义务教育学生综合素质评价机制彰显出多元评价过程的统一、多元评价主体的联动、多元价值追求的综合、多元评价结果的四个特色。基于法国义务教育综合素质评价特色以及我国实际给出思考与启示:聚焦发展过程,保障评价结果的实效性;加强宏观督导,保障评价机制的公平性;贯彻核心素养,保障评价内容的综合性;构建统一电子平台,保障评价落实的有效性。

The evaluation of students’comprehensive quality is key to the system construction of carrying out quality education,promote students’all-round development and promote the comprehensive reform of education methods and evaluation system in the new era.This paper takes the evaluation of students’comprehensive quality in compulsory education of French as the research object,and the policy texts that permeate the process of its establishment and development are summarized and sorted out.The study found that the comprehensive quality evaluation of students in French compulsory education has formed a trinity evaluation system including key competence,daily performance,pumping test.The evaluation subjects show a pluralistic subject structure,that is,a combination of school evaluation,in which students and teachers are one,and external supervision,formed by parents and education experts.Under the supervision system of"internal and external integration",evaluating students’daily learning status by semester,the key competence of students’development by academic year,and evaluates students’subject knowledge and competence by stage,and implement the evaluation results with the application of national monitoring education.In addition,the evaluation of students’comprehensive quality reveals four characteristics in French compulsory education:the unity of the plurality evaluation process,the linkage of plurality evaluation subjects,the integration of plurality value pursuits,and the presentation of plurality evaluation results.The reflections and revelations are given based on our national situation and the characteristics of evaluating students’comprehensive quality of the compulsory education stage in France:focus on the development process to ensure the validity of evaluation results;strengthen macro supervision and ensure the fairness of the evaluation mechanism;implement key competence to ensure the comprehensiveness of evaluation content;build a unified electronic platform to ensure the effectiveness of evaluation implementation.In order to provide reference for the reform and practice of comprehensive quality evaluation system of compulsory education in China.