行政法中信赖保护原则的适用要件——以授益行为的撤销与废止为基点的考察

Requirements for the Application of the Principle of Trust Protection in Administrative Law: An Examination of the Revocation and Abolishment of Beneficial Act

行政法中适用信赖保护原则需满足哪些事实要件的问题,不仅取决于信赖保护原则的学理构建,亦受限于成文法中的具体规范构造。基于该原则在德国行政法中适用于违法授益行为的具体方式,可以将其适用要件归纳为信赖基础、信赖表现、信赖基础的偏离、利益权衡四项,统称为“四适用要件审查体系”。相比较而言,我国行政许可法等现行法律中并未建立类似的规范构造。因此,信赖保护原则在我国行政法中所具有的意义还需作出更为深入系统的研究才能得以确定。

The requirements of elements that need to be satisfied in applying the principle of trust protection in administrative law not only depends on the theoretical construct of the principle itself,but also on the specific norms constructed in the statute.As the principle is applied to illegal beneficial act in the German administrative law,the requirements can be classified into four types:basis of trust protection,existence of trust performance,deviation from the basis of trust protection,and interest balance.They are termed in this paper"four elements for the review of the application of the trust protection principle."It should be admitted that in China,such a principle of a similar kind has yet to be established in the Administrative License Law and other existing legal norms.Therefore,its significance to China’s administrative law needs more in-depth and systematic studies.