基于性别差异的寒冷地区高校学生公寓冬季热舒适性研究

Thermal Comfort of University Student Apartments in Cold Regions in Winter Based on Gender Differences

以西安市某高校的多栋宿舍楼的学生宿舍作为测试对象,把现场客观的实测数据与主观调查问卷相互结合,从主观与客观的不同角度研究高校男女学生对于热舒适温度范围的感受差异。对现场实测的数据用温度频率法进行线性回归分析,求出男生热中性温度为20.9℃(SET~*),男生90%可接受的温度范围为18.4~23.4℃(SET~*),80%可接受的温度范围为16.0~25.8℃(SET~*);同理求出女生中性温度为22.9℃(SET~*),女生90%可接受的温度范围为21.7~24.1℃(SET~*),80%可接受的温度范围为20.5~25.3℃(SET~*)。女生满足80%满意度的标准有效温度范围即舒适温度范围为21.9~24.2℃,男生为21.1~23.8℃。通过对比分析发现,男生对于宿舍的整体热感觉投票值比女生高,冬季高校女生比男生对热感觉的变动更加敏感。这些为今后提高寒冷地区冬季高校宿舍热舒适性提供了参考依据。

Taking the dormitory of a university in Xi’an as the test object, using on-site testing and questionnaire survey methods, the difference in thermal comfort temperature range between males and females on campus was studied from subjective and objective aspects. The temperature frequency method(bin method) is used to perform linear regression analysis on the field measured data, and the thermal neutral temperature for males is 20.9 ℃(SET), and the 90% acceptable temperature range for males is 18.4~23.4 ℃(SET), 80% acceptable temperature range is 16.0~25.8 ℃(SET);in the same way, the neutral temperature for females is 22.9 ℃(SET), and 90% acceptable temperature range for females is 21.7~24.1 ℃(SET), 80% acceptable temperature range is 20.5~25.3 ℃(SET). The standard effective temperature range for females to meet 80% satisfaction is 21.9~24.2 ℃, and for males is 21.1~23.8 ℃. Through comparative analysis, it is found that males have a higher thermal sensation in dormitories than females, and females in colleges are more sensitive to changes in thermal sensation than males in winter. These provide a reference for improving the thermal comfort of college dormitories in winter.