中国运动员退役安置政策的量化研究——基于Nvivo12政策文本分析

A Quantitative Study of Chinese Athletes’Retirement Resettlement Policy——Based on Nvivo12 policy text analysis

在社会经济转型与人事制度变革的过程中,运动员退役安置出现传统包办向创新帮扶的转变,退役后的再就业是运动员不得不面对的新问题,也是国家促进就业工作体系的重要组成部分。研究以政府保障运动员退役安置的政策文本为研究对象,基于政策内容与政策工具二元视角,通过Nvivo12编码与分析,发现运动员退役安置政策聚焦于技术与职业发展、健康与社会保障、文化与教育提升三个重要维度。政策体系综合运用强制性工具、激励性工具、保障性工具、能力建设工具和系统变革工具五种政策工具。在政策演进的历程中,文本内容的关注点从“事后保障”向“事前预防”转移,政策前瞻性有所提高;同时存在政策工具的应用结构不均衡、政策管理手段不精细的问题。

In the process of social and economic transformation,the athlete’s retirement placement has changed from a traditional package to innovative assistance.Re-employment is a new problem that athletes have to face.Based on the dual perspective of policy content and policy tools,this study takes the retirement resettlement policy of athletes as the research object.Through Nvivo12coding and analysis,it is found that the retirement resettlement policy focuses on three essential aspects:technical and career development,health and social security,and cultural and educational improvement.The policies comprehensively use five tools:mandatory tools,incentive tools,support tools,capacity building tools,and system change tools.In the course of policy evolution,the focus of textual content has gradually shifted from"post-event protection"to"pre-event prevention",and the policy’s foresight and flexibility have improved.At the same time,in the construction of the policy system,there are still problems that the application structure of policy tools is not balanced and the policy management methods are not refined.